Abstract
The exposure of nonoxide ceramics at elevated temperatures to corrosive gases results in the growth of product scales (passive oxidation) or loss of material (active oxidation) depending on the partial pressures of the reactant species. The processes which control the rales of scale growth in the passive regime have been carefully studied using single crystals and/or high purity polycrystalline material. The theoretical rationalization of the experimental data in terms of the thermodynamics and kinetics of oxidant ingress to and product egress from the interface is now widely accepted. The effects of contaminants on the passive oxidation can be understood in terms of this theoretical framework. However, many questions remain about the details of the mechanisms of oxidation of SiC and Si3N4 which require precise measurement of solubilities and diffusivities of oxidants, products, and impurities in the growing scales. The transition from passive to active oxidation is reviewed and the research challenges enumerated in this area.
For the simple reaction of oxygen with silicon in the active regime, the original Wagner model explains most features of the kinetics of the weight loss. However, when the reaction ambient is a complex mixture such that condensed phases form at the same time as volatile species, the process is more complex and discontinuous scale growth is observed. The substrate microstructure has some effect on the regions of selective attack in these cases as it does in the purely active oxidation region.
The mechanical property degradation resulting from corrosion processes include modification of changes in the time dependent properties and the creation of new flaws by selective oxidation of secondary phases. The detailed understanding of these processes is the subject of current research.
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Tressler, R.E. (1994). Theory and Experiment in Corrosion of Advanced Ceramics. In: Nickel, K.G. (eds) Corrosion of Advanced Ceramics. NATO Science Series E: (closed), vol 267. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1182-9_1
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