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Sensorisch afferente Stimulation

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Funktionelle Elektrostimulation in der Neurorehabilitation

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Zusammenfassung

Zunehmend wird die Bedeutung der Neuromodulation mit nichtinvasiver Hirnstimulation (NIBS) zur Outcome-Verbesserung in der Neurorehabilitation klar. Sensorisch-afferente Elektrostimulation (SAES) als ein Verfahren der NIBS induziert im sensorimotorischen Kortex Neuromodulation auf synaptischer Ebene mit Induktion von Kurzzeit-, Langzeit- und struktureller Plastizität. Es kommen gepulste elektrische Stimuli zur Anwendung, wodurch Aktionspotenziale in afferenten Nervenfasern ausgelöst werden, die zu einem erhöhten sensorisch-afferenten Input des Gehirns führen. Diskutiert werden die der SAES zugrunde liegenden neurobiologischen Mechanismen, biophysikalische Mechanismen der Auslösung von Aktionspotenzialen in afferenten Nervenfasern und technische Stimulationsparameter. Hinsichtlich der Evidenz für SAES bei der sensorimotorischen Parese und beim Neglekt wird die Literatur reviewt, evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen werden gegeben und Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Therapieeffekte diskutiert.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Salzburg, Österreich

    Stefan M. Golaszewski

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  1. Stefan M. Golaszewski
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  1. Innsbruck, Austria

    Thomas Schick

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Golaszewski, S.M. (2021). Sensorisch afferente Stimulation. In: Schick, T. (eds) Funktionelle Elektrostimulation in der Neurorehabilitation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61705-2_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61705-2_9

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-61704-5

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