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Einfluss von Bewegung und Sport auf die Gesundheit und Entwicklung

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Pädiatrische Sportmedizin

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Zusammenfassung

Obwohl die Mehrheit der Jugendlichen primär gesund ist, führt Bewegungsmangel zu zunehmenden Zivilisationskrankheiten mit Übergewicht, kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren und Haltungsschäden. Regelmäßige Bewegung und Sport können diese weitestgehend verhindern. Während allerdings Effekte auf die Gesundheit breit untersucht wurden, sind Studien zum Einfluss auf die Entwicklung nur spärlich vorhanden. Nicht zuletzt sind solche Effekte schwierig zu quantifizieren, zumal die Entwicklung, vor allem während der Pubertät, extreme intraindividuelle Variabilitäten von bis zu 6 Jahren zeigt (s. Abschn. 3.1). Noch fehlen repräsentative Studien, die erlauben, zwischen Entwicklung mit und ohne Bewegung und Sport zu differenzieren, oder die erlauben, eine Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung zwischen Sport und Entwicklung zu erstellen. Wo immer möglich, wird aber im nachfolgenden Kapitel neben den Einflüssen auf die Gesundheit auch auf die Entwicklung eingegangen. Neben den vielfältigen Auswirkungen von Bewegung und Sport auf die Gesundheit und Entwicklung von Jugendlichen gibt es potenziell negative Auswirkungen, insbesondere bei Jugendlichen im Leistungssport, die hier oder zum Teil auch in anderen Kapiteln besprochen werden. Auf die Auswirkungen von Sport als Therapie bei chronischen Erkrankungen wird in anderen Kapiteln (s. Kap. 28–34) eingegangen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Epidemiologie, Biostatistik und Prävention, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    Susi Kriemler & Thomas Radtke

  2. Universitäts-Kinderklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Helge Hebestreit

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  1. Susi Kriemler
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  2. Helge Hebestreit
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Correspondence to Susi Kriemler .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Deutschland

    Ingo Menrath

  2. Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland

    Christine Graf

  3. Professur für Trainings- und Bewegungswissenschaft, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Deutschland

    Urs Granacher

  4. Institut für Epidemiologie, Biostatistik und Prävention, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    Susi Kriemler

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Kriemler, S., Hebestreit, H., Radtke, T. (2021). Einfluss von Bewegung und Sport auf die Gesundheit und Entwicklung. In: Menrath, I., Graf, C., Granacher, U., Kriemler, S. (eds) Pädiatrische Sportmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61588-1_4

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