Zusammenfassung
Hülsenfrüchte, Nüsse und Samen sind wichtige Auslöser von Nahrungsmittelallergien und verursachen häufig schwere Symptome bis hin zu lebensgefährlichen anaphylaktischen Reaktionen. Die hauptverantwortlichen Allergene sind Speicherproteine aus drei Familien: 2S-Albumine sowie 7S- und 11S-Globuline. Diese Allergene zeichnen sich durch hohe Stabilität gegen Erhitzen und gastrointestinalen Verdau aus. Sensibilisierungen gegen Speicherproteine führen oft zu serologischer Kreuzreaktivität zwischen Hülsenfrüchten, Nüssen und Samen, die aber häufig ohne klinische Relevanz bleiben. Einen Mehrwert einer molekularen Diagnostik mit Speicherproteinen stellt die Möglichkeit dar, primäre, potenziell gefährliche Allergien von pollenassoziierten, Bet v 1- oder Profilin-assoziierten Allergien zu unterscheiden, die meist nur mit milden Symptomen einhergehen.
Der Beitrag basiert auf einer Publikation, die 2012 im Allergo Journal erschienen ist (Radauer C, Kleine-Tebbe J, Beyer K: Stabile pflanzliche Nahrungsmittelallergene: Speicherproteine. Allergo J 2012; 21: 155–158) und nun als Buchkapitel aktualisiert und erweitert wurde.
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Radauer, C., Kleine-Tebbe, J., Beyer, K. (2015). Stabile pflanzliche Nahrungsmittelallergene II: Speicherproteine. In: Kleine-Tebbe, J., Jakob, T. (eds) Molekulare Allergiediagnostik. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45221-9_5
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