Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) is the most important temperate cereal crop grown in the world. It is the end product of several thousand years of selection and 100 years or so of applied plant breeding. It is well documented that bread wheat is the result of natural hybridizations between diploid (2n = 2x = 14) and tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) progenitor species, some of which are themselves important cereals, so that hexaploid wheat (2n = 6x = 42) can be regarded as a tetraploid wheat to which seven pairs of chromosomes from T. tauschii (Coss.) Schmal have been added. The man-made hybrid triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack), on the other hand, has had a total history of only 100 years and has only been investigated seriously for the last 40 years. As the name implies, triticales are hybrids between hexaploid or tetraploid Triticum species and diploid species of Secale, cereal rye. To some extent, therefore, triticales can be regarded as wheat plants to which rye chromosomes have been added.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Appels R, Dvořák J (1982) The wheat ribosomal DNA spacer region: its structure and variation in populations and among species. Theor Appl Genet 63: 337–348
Appels R, Moran L (1984) Molecular analysis of alien chromatin introduced into wheat. In: Gustafson JP (ed) Gene manipulation and plant improvement. Plenum, New York, pp 529–557
Appels R, Driscoll C, Peacock WJ (1978) Heterochromatin and highly repeated DNA sequences in rye (Secale cereale). Chromosoma 70: 67–89
Appels R, Dennis ES, Smyth DR, Peacock WJ (1981) Two repeated DNA sequences from the heterochromatic regions of rye (Secale cereale) chromosomes. Chromosoma 70: 265–277
Appels R, Gerlach WL, Dennis ES, Swift H, Peacock WJ (1980) Molecular and chromosomal organization of DNA sequences coding for the ribosomal RNAs of cereals. Chromosoma 78: 293–311
Badaev NS, Badaeva ED, Bolsheva NL, Maximov NG, Zelinin AV (1985) Cytogenetic analysis of forms produced by crossing hexaploid triticale with common wheat. Theor Appl Genet 70: 536–541
Barber HN, Driscoll CJ, Long PM, Vickery RS (1968) Protein genetics of wheat and homoeologous relationships of chromosomes. Nature (London) 222: 897–898
Bietz JA (1987) Genetic and biochemical studies of nonenzymatic endosperm proteins. In: Heyne EG (ed) Wheat and wheat improvement, 2nd edn. Am Soc Agron, Madison, pp 215–241
Burke DT, Carle GF, Olson MV (1987) Cloning of large segments of exogenous DNA into yeast by means of artificial chromosome vectors. Science 236: 806–812
Darvey NL, Gustafson JP (1975) Identification of rye chromosomes in wheat-rye addition lines and triticale by heterochromatin bands. Crop Sci 15: 239–243
Dennis ES, Gerlach WL, Peacock WJ (1980) Identical polypyrimidine-polypurine satellite DNAs in wheat and barley. Heredity 44: 349–366
Dhaliwal AS, Mares DJ, Marshall DR (1987) Effect of 1B/ I R chromosome translocations on milling and quality characteristics of bread wheat. Cereal Chem 64: 72–76
Driscoll CJ, Sears ER (1971) Individual addition of the chromosomes of `Imperial’ rye to wheat. Agron Abstr 1971: 6
Gerlach WL (1977) N-banded karyotypes of wheat species. Chromosoma 62: 49–56
Gerlach W L, Bedbrook JR (1979) Cloning and characterisation of ribosomal RNA genes from wheat and barley. Nucleic Acids Res 7: 1869–1885
Gerlach WL, Peacock WJ (1980) Chromosomal locations of highly repeated DNA sequences in wheat. Heredity 44: 269–276
Gerlach WL, Appels R, Dennis ES, Peacock WJ (1979) Evolution and analysis of wheat genomes using highly repeated DNA sequences. In: Ramanujam S (ed) Proc 5th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Indian Agric Res Inst, New Delhi, pp 81–91
Gill BS (1987) Chromosome banding methods, standard chromosome band nomenclature, and applications in cytogenetic analysis. In: Heyne EG (ed) Wheat and wheat improvement, 2nd edn. Am Soc Agron, Madison, pp 243–254
Gill BS, Kimber G (1974a) The Giemsa C-banded karyotype of rye. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71: 1247–1249
Gill BS, Kimber G (1974b) Giemsa C-banding and the evolution of wheat. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71: 4086–4090
Graham RD (1978) Tolerance of Triticale, wheat and rye to copper deficiency. Nature (London) 271: 542–543
Gupta PK, Priyadarshan PM (1982) Triticale: present status and future prospects. Adv Genet 21: 255–345
Gustafson JP, Zillinsky FJ (1973) Identification of D-genome chromosomes from hexaploid wheat in a 42-chromosome triticale. In: Sears ER, Sears LMS (eds) Proc 4th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Agric Exp Stn, Univ Missouri, pp 225–231
Hart GE (1987) Genetic and biochemical studies of enzymes. In: Heyne EG (ed) Wheat and wheat improvement, 2nd edn. Am Soc Agron, Madison, pp 199–214
Helentjaris T, Slocum M, Wright S, Schaefer A, Nienhuis J (1986) Construction of genetic linkage maps in maize and tomato using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Theor Appl Genet 72: 761–769
Hutchinson J, Lonsdale DM (1982) The chromosomal distribution of cloned highly repetitive sequences from hexaploid wheat. Heredity 48: 371–376
Hutchinson J, Abbott A, O’Dell M, Flavell RB (1985) A rapid screening technique for the detection of repeated DNA sequences in plant tissues. Theor Appl Genet 69: 329–333
Jewell DC (1979) Chromosome banding in Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring and Aegilops variabilis. Chromosoma 71: 129–134
Jones JDG, Flavell RB (1982) The mapping of highly-repeated DNA families and their relationship to C-bands in chromosomes of Secale cereale. Chromosoma 86: 595–612
Jouve N, Giorgi B (1986) Analysis of induced homoeologous pairing in hybrids between 6x triticale phl mutant and Triticum aestivum L. Can J Genet Cytol 28: 696–700
Koebner RMD, Shepherd KW (1986) Controlled introgression to wheat of genes from rye chromosome arm 1 RS by induction of allosyndesis. 1. Isolation of recombinants. Theor Appl Genet 73: 197–208
Koebner RMD, Appels R, Shepherd KW (1986) Controlled introgression to wheat of genes from rye chromosome arm I RS by induction of allosyndesis. 2. Characterisation of recombinants. Theor Appl Genet 73: 209–217
Kreis M, Williamson MS, Shewry PR, Sharp P, Gale MD (1988) Identification of a second locus encoding β-amylase on chromosome 2 of barley. Genet Res 51: 13–20
Landry BS, Kesseli RV, Farrara B, Michelmore RW (1987a) A genetic map of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with restriction fragment length polymorphism, isozyme, disease resistance and morphological markers. Genetics 116: 331–337
Landry BS, Kesseli R, Hei Leung, Michelmore RW (1987b) Comparison of restriction endonucleases and sources of probes for their efficiency in detecting restriction fragment length polymorphisms in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 74: 646–653
Lapitan NLV, Sears RG, Rayburn AL, Gill BS (1986) Wheat-rye translocations — detection of chromosome breakpoints by in situ hybridization with a biotin-labeled DNA probe. J Hered 77: 415–419
Lukaszewski AJ, Gustafson JP (1983) Translocations and modifications of chromosomes in triticale × wheat hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 64: 239–248
Lukaszewski AJ, Gustafson JP (1984) The effect of rye chromosomes on heading date of triticale × wheat hybrids. Z Pflanzenzucht 93: 246–250
Lukaszewski AJ, Gustafson JP, Apolinarska B (1982) Transmission of chromosomes through the eggs and pollen of triticale × wheat F1 hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 63: 49–55
Maniatis T, Jeffrey A, Kleid DG (1982) Molecular cloning, a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, New York
May CE (1982) Triticales in New South Wales. Agric Gaz NSW 92: 28–31
May CE (1983) Triticale × wheat hybrids and the introduction of speckled leaf blotch resistance to wheat. In: Sakamoto S (ed) Proc 6th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Plant Germplasm Inst, Kyoto Univ, pp 175–179
May CE, Appels R (1980) Rye chromosome translocations in hexaploid wheat: a re-evaluation of the loss of heterochromatin from rye chromosomes. Theor Appl Genet 56: 17–23
May CE, Appels R (1982) The inheritance of rye chromosomes in early generations of triticale × wheat hybrids. Can J Genet Cytol 24: 285–291
May CE, Appels R (1987a) The molecular genetics of wheat: toward an understanding of 16 billion base pairs of DNA. In: Heyne EG (ed) Wheat and wheat improvement, 2nd edn. Am Soc Agron, Madison, pp 165–198
May CE, Appels R (1987b) Variability and genetics of spacer DNA sequences between the ribosomal-RNA genes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). Theor Appl Genet 74: 617–624
May CE, Appels R (1988) Allelism of the nucleolar organizer regions of hexaploid wheat. In: Miller TE, Koebner RMD (eds) Proc 7th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Inst Plant Sci Res, Cambridge UK, pp 577–583
May CE, Reddy P, Clarke BC, Appels R (1990) Recent advances in analysing chromosome structure in cereals and their impact on breeding programmes. In: Khanna KR (ed) Biochemical aspects of plant improvement. CRC, Boca Raton, Fla (in press)
Merker A (1982) “V eery” — a CIMMYT spring wheat with a 1B/ 1R chromosome translocation. Cereal Res Commun 10:105–106
Merker A (1984) The rye genome in wheat breeding. Hereditas 100: 183–191
Pilch J (1981) Analysis of the rye chromosome constitution and the amount of telomeric heterochromatin in the widely and narrowly adapted hexaploid triticales. Theor Appl Genet 60: 145–149
Rayburn AL, Gill BS (1985) Use of biotin-labeled probes to map specific DNA sequences on wheat chromosomes. J Hered 77: 415–419
Sanchez-Monge E, Sanchez-Monge E Jr (1977) Meiotic pairing in wheat-triticale hybrids. Z Pflanzenzücht79: 96–104
Schapova AI, Potapova TA, Kravtsova LA, Numerova OM (1984) Karyotype stabilization in inter-generic hybrids of the subtribe Triticinae. 1. The effects of genome structure. Theor Appl Genet 68: 289–296
Seal AG, Bennett MD (1981) The rye genome in winter hexaploid triticales. Can J Genet Cytol 23: 647–653
Sears ER (1954) The aneuploids of common wheat. Missouri Agric Exp Stn Res Bull 572
Sears ER (1977) An induced mutant with homoeologous pairing in common wheat. Can J Genet Cytol 19: 585–593
Sharp PJ, Kreis M, Shewry PR, Gale MD (1988) Location of β-amylase sequences in wheat and its relatives. Theor Appl Genet 75: 286–290
Shepherd KW (1968) Chromosomal control of endosperm proteins in wheat and rye. In: Finlay KW, Shepherd KW (eds) Proc 3rd Int Wheat Genet Symp, Aust Acad Sci, Canberra, pp 86–96
Shigenaga S, Nakazaki T, Yamagata H (1983) Transmission of R- and D-genome chromosomes in the progenies of triticale-wheat hybrids. In Sakamoto S (ed) Proc 6th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Plant Germplasm Inst, Kyoto Univ, pp 915–918
Singh RJ, Robbelen G (1975) Comparison of somatic Giemsa banding pattern in several species of rye. Z Pflanzenzücht75: 270–285
Slootmaker LAJ (1974) Tolerance to high soil acidity in wheat-related species, rye and triticale. Euphytica 23: 505–513
Southern E (1975) Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol 98: 503–517
Wang X, Hu H (1985) The chromosome constitution of plants derived from pollen of hexaploid triticale × common wheat F, hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 70: 92–96
Zeller F (1973) 1B/1 R wheat/rye chromosome sustitutions and translocations. In: Sears ER, Sears LMS (eds) Proc 4th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Agric Exp Stn, Univ Missouri, pp 209–221
Zeller F, Gunzel G, Fishbeck G (1982) Veränderungen der Backeigenschaften des Weizens durch die Weizen-Roggen-Chromosomentranslokation 1B/1R. Getreide Mehl Brot 36: 141–144
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
May, C.E. (1990). Triticale × Wheat Hybrids. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Wheat. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10933-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10933-5_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08081-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-10933-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive