Zusammenfassung
Bereits im Corpus Hippokratum (5. Jh. v. Chr.) wird darauf verwiesen, daß bestimmte psychische Störungen ihren Ursprung in einer zugrunde liegenden biologischen Störung haben. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden gemäß der Theorie der Humoralpathologie auch die psychischen Störungen als unausgewogene Mischung (Dyskrasie) von schwarzer und gelber Galle, Schleim und Blut gedeutet, wobei es bei der Melancholie zu einen Überwiegen der „schwarzen Galle“ kommt. Bereits hier deutet sich ein humorales Verständnis psychischer Auffälligkeiten an. In Abgrenzung von dieser scholastisch verstandenen Medizin sah sich Paracelsus (1491–1541), der den Grundstein für die Entwicklung der im 17. Jh. bedeutenden Iatrochemie legte, die den Menschen als chemisches System auffaßte und daher auch mit Chemikalien kurierte. Mit seiner Feststellung über den Zusammenhang zwischen Kropf und Kretinismus verband er erstmals endokrinologische Veränderungen mit psychischen Auffälligkeiten.
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Heuser, I. (1999). Psychoneuroendokrinologie. In: Helmchen, H., Henn, F., Lauter, H., Sartorius, N. (eds) Psychiatrie der Gegenwart 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60174-3_8
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