Skip to main content

Motive für Freiwilligenarbeit – der funktionale Ansatz am Beispiel eines generationenübergreifenden Projekts

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Psychologie der Freiwilligenarbeit

Zusammenfassung

Wer sich als Forscher – und besonders als Psychologe – der Freiwilligenarbeit zuwendet, kann der Frage nicht ausweichen, welche Gründe Menschen dazu bewegen, eine Freiwilligentätigkeit auszuüben. Innerhalb der Psychologie haben sich in erster Linie Sozialpsychologen mit der Freiwilligenarbeit befasst und diese als besondere Art prosozialen Verhaltens untersucht. Das Verdienst dieser Forschung ist, eine Reihe von Funktionen herausgearbeitet zu haben, welche Freiwilligenarbeit für eine Person erfüllen kann. Den Wert dieses „funktionalen Ansatzes“ illustrieren wir, indem wir den Beweggründen für Freiwilligenarbeit bei einer besonderen Personengruppe, nämlich bei älteren Menschen, nachgehen. Am Beispiel eines generationenübergreifenden Projekts zeigt dieser Beitrag, wie es innovativen Formen von Freiwilligenarbeit gelingen kann, den Erfahrungsschatz älterer Menschen als gesellschaftliche Ressource zu erschließen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Baker, L., Cahalin, L., Gerst, K. & Burr, J. (2005). Productive activities and subjective well-being among older adults: The influence of number of activities and time commitment. Social Indicators Research, 73, 431–458.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Batson, C., Duncan, B., Ackerman, P., Buckley, T. & Birch, K. (1981). Is empathic emotion a source of altruistic motivation? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 290–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beher, K., Liebig, R. & Rauschenbach, T. (2000). Strukturwandel des Ehrenamts: Gemeinwohlorientierung im Modernisierungsprozess. Weinheim, München: Juventa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierhoff, H.-W., Schülken, T. & Hoof, M. (2007). Skalen der Einstellungsstruktur ehrenamtlicher Helfer (SEEH). Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 6, 12–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bundesamt für Statistik (2012). Das Panorama zu „Bevölkerung“. Verfügbar unter: http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/01/pan.Document.118132.pdf [12.06.14].

  • Carstensen, L., Isaacowitz, D. & Charles, S. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54, 165–181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clary, E. G. & Snyder, M. (1991). A functional analysis of altruism and prosocial behavior: The case of volunteerism. In M. S. Clark (Hrsg.), Review of personality and social psychology: Prosocial behavior: Vol. 12 (S. 119–148). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clary, E. G., Snyder, M., Ridge, R. D., Copeland, J., Stukas, A. A., Haugen, J. & Miene, P. (1998). Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers: A functional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1516–1530.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erlinghagen, M. & Hank, K. (2009). Ehrenamtliches Engagement und produktives Altern. Produktivität in alternden Gesellschaften, 4, 143–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, L. & Schaffer, K. (1993). Older volunteers: A guide to research and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, M. (1997). Towards civic renewal. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 28, 243–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fung, H., Carstensen, L. & Lang, F. (2001). Age-related patterns in social networks among European Americans and African Americans: Implications for socioemotional selectivity across the life span. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 52, 185–206.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gubrium, J. (1972). Toward a socio-environmental theory of aging. The Gerontologist, 12, 281–284.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gubrium, J. (1973). The myth of the Golden years: A socio-environmental theory of aging. Oxford: Thomas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, A. & Thoresen, C. (2005). Volunteering is associated with delayed mortality in older people: Analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Aging. Journal of Health Psychology, 10, 739–752.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herzog, A. & House, J. (1991). Productive activities and aging well. Generations: Journal of the American Society on Aging, 15, 49–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, D. (1960). The functional approach to the study of attitudes. Public Opinion Quarterly, 24, 163–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. & Ferraro, K. (2005). Volunteering and depression in later life: Social benefit or selection processes? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 46, 68–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luoh, M. & Herzog, A. (2002). Individual consequences of volunteer and paid work in old age: Health and mortality. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43, 490–509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marty, S. (2005). Freiwilligentätigkeit in Bildungs- und Erziehungsinstitutionen. Eine Analyse der intergenerativen Arbeit von Seniorinnen und Senioren als freiwillige Klassenhilfen in Schule, Hort und Kindergarten (unveröffentlichte Lizenziatsarbeit). Universität Zürich, Zürich.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, C. & Warburton, J. (2003). Stability and change in nonprofit organizations: The volunteer contribution. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 14, 381–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michael, B. (1990). Volunteers in public schools. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neufeind, M., Jiranek, P. & Wehner, T. (2014). Beyond skills and structure: Justice dispositions as antecedents of young citizens’ volunteering and political participation. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology24(4), 278–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, S., Vasudev, J. & Onawola, R. (1985). Older volunteers´ perceptions of impacts of volunteering on their psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 4, 123–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okun, M. A. & Schultz, A. (2003). Age and motives for volunteering: Testing hypotheses derived from Socioemotional Selectivity Theory. Psychology & Aging, 18, 231–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Onyx, J. & Warburton, J. (2003). Volunteering and health among older people: A review. Australasian Journal on Aging, 22, 65–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oostlander, J., Güntert, S. T., Schie, S. van & Wehner, T. (2014). Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI). Psychometrische Eigenschaften und Konstruktvalidität der deutschen Adaptation. Diagnostica 60, 73–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. & Kahn, R. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37, 433–440.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Senior Corps. (2001). Seniors for schools evaluation results 1999-2000 school year. Verfügbar unter: https://www.nationalserviceresources.org/filemanager/download/722/2000_Seniors4Schools.pdf [04.07.2014].

  • Shye, S. (2010). The motivation to volunteer: A systemic quality of life theory. Social Indicators Research, 98, 183–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sidler Angehrn, P. (1997). Ein generationsverbindender Schulversuch. Senioren und Seniorinnen als freiwillige Klassenhilfen (unveröffentlichte Lizenziatsarbeit). Bern: Universität Bern.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M., Bruner, J., & White, R. (1956). Opinions and personality. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, M. (1993). Basic research and practical problems: The promise of a „functional“ personality and social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19, 251–264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, M., Clary, E. G. & Stukas, A. A. (2000). The functional approach to volunteerism. In G. R. Maio & J. M. Olson (Hrsg.), Why we evaluate: Functions of attitudes (S. 365–393). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadelmann-Steffen, I., Traunmüller R., Gundelach, B. & Freitag, M. (2010). Freiwilligen-Monitor Schweiz 2010. Zürich: Seismo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vliert, E. van de, Huang, X. & Levine R. (2004). National wealth and thermal climate as predictors of motives for volunteer work. Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 35, 62–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warburton, J. & Cordingley, S. (2004). The contemporary challenges of volunteering in an ageing Australia. Australian Journal on Volunteering, 9, 67–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willigen, M. van (2000). Differential benefits of volunteering across the life course. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 55, 308–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Windsor, T., Anstey, K. & Rodgers, B. (2008). Volunteering and psychological well-being among young-old adults: how much is too much? The Gerontologist, 48, 59–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zappalà, G. (2001). From „charity“ to „social enterprise“: Managing volunteers in public-serving nonprofits. Australian Journal on Volunteering, 6, 41–49.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeannette Oostlander .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Oostlander, J., Güntert, S., Wehner, T. (2015). Motive für Freiwilligenarbeit – der funktionale Ansatz am Beispiel eines generationenübergreifenden Projekts. In: Wehner, T., Güntert, S. (eds) Psychologie der Freiwilligenarbeit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55295-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55295-3_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-55294-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-55295-3

  • eBook Packages: Psychology (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics