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Mesozoic and Cenozoic Marine Benthic Calcareous Algae with Particular Regard to Mesozoic Dasycladaleans

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Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites

Abstract

During the Mesozoic, benthic calcareous marine green algae are represented principally by the Caulerpales and Dasycladales. Starting from this era Caulerpaleans consist of genera similar to extant ones. Dasycladaleans are represented by forms with primary branches only and by ones with higher orders of branches. Furthermore, the branch arrangement is mainly euspondyle and the reproductive organs are mainly cladosporous. On the basis of morphological characters and of the fluctuation in the number of genera and species it is possible to recognize the following stages: persistence of Late Palaeozoic forms into the Triassic, decline and renewal during the Lower-Middle Jurassic, Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous acme, and Upper Cretaceous collapse.

During the Cenozoic era, calcified cyanobacteria undergo a numerical reduction. As for the red algae, gymnocodiaceans and solenoporaceans disappear, while there is an explosive diversification of the Corallinaceae, and Solieriaceae and Squamariaceae appear.

Among the dasycladaleans, thalli with branches of higher orders in an euspondyle arrangement and with choristoporous reproductive organs prevail. During the Palaeocene this order shows the greatest number of species.

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  1. Dipartimento di Paleontologia, Largo S. Marcellino 10, 80138, Napoli, Italy

    F. Barattolo

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  1. University of Wales College of Cardiff, CF1 3YE, Cardiff, UK

    Robert Riding

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Barattolo, F. (1991). Mesozoic and Cenozoic Marine Benthic Calcareous Algae with Particular Regard to Mesozoic Dasycladaleans. In: Riding, R. (eds) Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52335-9_22

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