Abstract
Electrode materials are the key components for electrochemical sensors which can be used for determination of gaseous and dissolved species. The sensitivity as well as the selectivity are mainly influenced by the kind and the structure of sensitive electrode material. In this paper two kinds of materials are described. Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) can be modified by thin layers of conducting polymers like Poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and gold nano-particles. By means of differential pulse (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) it is possible to determine biogene amine like dopamine in liquids of human bodies and explosives in ground water in the nM und ppb level, respectively. Polyaniline (PANI) can be used not only in normal temperature sensors but also in high temperature sensors. For the first time we could show that zirconia based sensors with PANI electrodes in which Nb2O5 or FeCl3 and Co(NO3)2 are embedded are suitable to measure hydrogen and hydrocarbons in oxygen containing gases at 450 °C. The sensitivities of such electrodes are much higher than those of the usual applied oxide systems like Nb2O5 or La0.75Ca0.25Mn0.5Ni0.5O3 − δ . Due to the availability and compactness of electronic devices electrochemical sensors with modified electrodes can be applied in stationary (potentiometric) and non-stationary (SWV or DPV) mode in field application.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
References
Göpel, W., Reinhardt, G., Rösch, M.: Trends in the development of solid state amperometric and potentiometric high temperature sensors. Solid State Ionics 136-137, 519–531 (2000)
Somov, S.I., Reinhardt, G., Guth, U., Göpel, W.: Tubular amperometric high-temperature sensors: simultaneous determination of oxygen, nitrogen oxides and combustible components. Sens. Actuators B 65, 68–69 (2000)
Schmidt-Zhang, P., Sandow, K.-P., Adolf, F., Göpel, W., Guth, U.: A novel thick film sensor for simultaneous O2 and NO monitoring in exhaust gases. Sens. Actuators B 70, 25–29 (2000)
Miura, N., Lu, G., Yamazoe, N.: High-temperature potentiometric/amperometric NOx sensors combining stabilized zirconia with mixed-metal oxide electrode. Sens Actuators B 52, 169–178 (1998)
Guth, U., Zosel, J., Vonau, W.: Recent development in electrochemical sensor application and technology – a review. Meas. Sci. Technol. 20, 042002 (14pp) (2009), doi:10.1088/0957-0233/20/4/042002
Zosel, J., Müller, R., Vashook, V., Guth, U.: Response behavior of perovskites and Au/oxide composites as HC-electrodes in different combustibles. Solid State Ionics 175, 531–533 (2004)
Guth, U., Zosel, J., Franke, D., Vashook, V.: NO mixed potential sensor based on yttria stabilized zirconia. In: 2nd Int. Conference on Sensing Technology, Palmerstone North, New Zealand, pp. 222–229 (2005) (extended abstracts)
Mathiyarasu, J., Senthil Kumar, S., Phani, K.L.N., Yegnaraman, V.: PEDOT-Au nanocomposite film for electrochemical sensing. Materials Letters 62, 571–575 (2008)
Vashook, V., Vasylechko, L., Zosel, J., Müller, R., Ahlborn, E., Guth, U.: Lanthanum–calcium chromites–titanates as possible anode materials for SOFC. Solid State Ionics 175, 151–155 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Guth, U. et al. (2013). New Developments in Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Sensors. In: Mukhopadhyay, S., Jayasundera, K., Fuchs, A. (eds) Advancement in Sensing Technology. Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32180-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32180-1_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-32179-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-32180-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)