Abstract
The Internet has evolved to become one of the most critical communication infrastructures in the planet. And yet, some of its underlying concepts and protocols do not provide the adequate level of reliability for such an essential role in global communications. The inter-domain routing protocol of the Internet, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP-4), is being used with varying degree of success for tasks for which it was not originally designed, such as Traffic Engineering. This paper presents a rationalised view of the different functions implemented by routing nowadays and proposes the use of Autonomous System Compartments. The Autonomous System (AS) Compartments imply a new routing hierarchy over the traditional BGP-4 routing, where specific functionalities like Traffic Engineering can be better controlled and additional routing incentives can be introduced. The FP-7 project 4WARD is working on new communication paradigms for the Future Internet and AS Compartments are a choice to contain the Generic Path (GP) concept developed by it. In order to provide inter-domain capabilities and a migration tool to connect GP islands, the multiprotocol mechanism of the BGP-4 routing is used. This paper presents the AS Compartment concept and the integration of Generic Paths in it, as well as an implementation of the GP-BGP concept for the J-Sim simulator (JSIM) environment.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
GSM Association. Official document: Ir.34 - inter-service provider ip backbone guidelines, v. 4.4 (June 2008), http://www.gsmworld.com/documents/ir3444.pdf
Rekhter, Y., Li, T., Hares, S.: A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4). RFC 4271 (January 2006)
McPherson, D., Gill, V.: BGP MED Considerations. RFC4451 (March 2006)
Scholl, T.: Best Practices for Network Interconnections. Presentation on NANOG43 (June 2008)
The 4WARD Project, http://www.4ward-project.eu/ (last visit April 27, 2010)
The 4WARD Project. D-5.1 Architecture of a Generic Path (2009) (last visit April 27, 2010)
6bone, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6bone (last visit April 27, 2010)
Carpenter, B., Moore, K.: RFC3056 - Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds (2001), http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3056.txt (last visit April 27, 2010)
Making the Transition From IPv4 to IPv6 (Reference), http://docsun.cites.uiuc.edu/sun_docs/C/solaris_9/SUNWaadm/IPV6ADMIN/p21.html (last visit April 27, 2010)
Fujinoki, H.: Multi-path BGP (MBGP): A solution for improving network bandwidth utilization and defense against link failures in inter-domain routing. In: 16th IEEE International Conference on Networks, ICON (2008); ISSN: 1556-6463, Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-3805-1
Xu, W., Rexford, J.: MIRO: Multi-path Interdomain ROuting. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review archive 36, 171–182 (2006); ISSN:0146-4833
Traina, P., McPherson, D., Scudder, J.: Autonomous System Confederations for BGP. RFC5065 (August. 2007)
William, B.: Norton. Internet Service Providers and Peering (2000)
Caesar, M., Rexford, J.: BGP routing policies in ISP networks. IEEE Network 19, 5–11 (2005)
Perkins, C.: IP Encapsulation within IP. RFC 2003 (October 1996)
Bates, T., Chandra, R., Katz, D., Rekhter, Y.: Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4. RFC4760 (January 2007)
Internet Service Provider Address Coalitions (ISPACs). IETF Internet draft
Verkaik, P., Broido, A., Hyun, Y., Claffy, K.C.: Atomised Routing. Presentation in RIPE45 meeting, http://www.nlnet.nl/project/atombr/20030512-atoms-ripe45.pdf
Zhang-Shen, R.: Atomic Routing Theory: Making an AS Route Like a Single Node. Invited talk in NSF FIND Routing Workshop (2008)
Halabi, B.: Internet routing architectures, 2nd edn. (2000)
Kushman, N., Kandula, S., Katabi, D.: Can You Hear Me Now?! It Must Be BGP. ACM SIGCOMM 37, 75–84 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 ICST Institute for Computer Science, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gutiérrez, P.A.A., Pöyhönen, P., Gamir, L.E.I., Ferrer, F.H. (2011). Using BGP-4 to Migrate to a Future Internet. In: Pentikousis, K., Agüero, R., García-Arranz, M., Papavassiliou, S. (eds) Mobile Networks and Management. MONAMI 2010. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 68. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21444-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21444-8_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-21443-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-21444-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)