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Using Surveys to Study Substance Use Behavior

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Research Methods in the Study of Substance Abuse

Abstract

Population-based estimates of substance use patterns have been regularly reported for several decades. Concerns with the quality of the survey methodologies employed to produce these estimates, however, date back almost as far. These concerns have led to a considerable body of research specifically focused on understanding the nature and consequences of survey-based errors in substance use epidemiology. This chapter reviews and summarizes that empirical research by organizing it within a total survey error model framework that considers multiple types of representation and measurement errors. Gaps in knowledge regarding sources of error in substance use surveys and areas needing future research are also identified.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The Total Survey Error model has helped organize several decades of empirical research concerned with various sources of survey errors into a single unifying theoretical framework.

  2. 2.

    Wagner and Lee (2015) define rare populations as referring to subgroups in the total population that are either small in size or “hard-to-reach” in terms of ability to identify or interview, such as cases where the population is geographically dispersed.

  3. 3.

    Low numbers of a subsample, in and of itself, affects the precision of information gathered, as smaller numbers of subjects are associated with margins of error that make it more difficult to be confident in the actual, underlying data (Andersen et al. 2004). Also problematic is that small sample sizes may preclude analyses of complex models on the causes and consequences of substance abuse within subpopulations of interest.

  4. 4.

    See the chapter by Gfroerer et al. (this volume) for additional detail regarding sample designs in substance use research.

  5. 5.

    Comprehensive reviews by Sobell and Sobell (2003), Gmel and Rehm (2004), and Bloomfield et al. (2013) provide insight on the strengths and limitations of various approaches to measuring alcohol consumption in survey questionnaires.

  6. 6.

    Chapter 14 (this volume) by Fendrich et al. explores the use of biospecimens in greater detail.

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Acknowledgements

An earlier version of this chapter was published as Johnson (2014) Sources of error in substance use prevalence surveys, International Scholarly Research Notices, Article ID 923290.

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  1. Survey Research Laboratory, College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Timothy P. Johnson

  2. Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA

    Jonathan B. VanGeest

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    Jonathan B. VanGeest

  2. Survey Research Laboratory, Department of Public Administration, College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Timothy P. Johnson

  3. Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA

    Sonia A. Alemagno

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Johnson, T.P., VanGeest, J.B. (2017). Using Surveys to Study Substance Use Behavior. In: VanGeest, J., Johnson, T., Alemagno, S. (eds) Research Methods in the Study of Substance Abuse. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55980-3_13

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