Abstract
The recent popularity of electric kick scooters, as affordable, eco-friendly, and lightweight vehicles, places them on the spotlight of urban mobility. The upright riding position, along with the vehicle’s low mass, necessitates a thorough understanding of the entire system, including human motion analysis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of some electric kick scooter and rider characteristics on the rider kinematics in a real driving scenario. Fourteen healthy young participants are recruited for the experimental campaign. The on-road tests consist of driving on seven speed bumps at two different constant speeds. During the tests, the angular motion of selected human body segments and the pitch motion of the electric kick scooter are monitored: these magnitudes are used to conduct a statistical analysis focusing on the influence of vehicle speed and rider’s gender, mass, and forward foot. Overall, results suggest that the dynamics around the medio-lateral axis of both the vehicle and the human body is influenced by the riding speed, the gender, and the mass. Moreover, a symmetrical foot position on the deck promotes greater rider stability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Boglietti, S., Barabino, B., Maternini, G.: Survey on e-powered micro personal mobility vehicles: exploring current issues towards future developments. Sustainability 13, 3692 (2021)
Bozzi, A.D., Aguilera, A.: Shared E-scooters: a review of uses, health and environmental impacts, and policy implications of a new micro-mobility service. Sustainability 13, 8676 (2021)
Paudel, M., Fah Yap, F.: Front steering design guidelines formulation for e-scooters considering the influence of sitting and standing riders on self-stability and safety performance. Proc. Instit. Mech. Eng. Part D: J. Autom. Eng. 235, 2551–2567 (2021)
Boglietti, S., Ghirardi, A., Zanoni, C.T., et al.: First experimental comparison between e-kick scooters and e-bike’s vibrational dynamics. Transp. Res. Proc. 62, 743–751 (2022)
Asperti, M., Vignati, M., Braghin, F.: Modeling of the vertical dynamics of a kick e-scooter on distributed road irregularity. In: Advances in Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks II: Proceedings of the 27th Symposium of the International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics, IAVSD 2021, 17–19 Aug. 2021, Saint Petersburg, Russia. Springer, pp. 1070–1080 (2022)
Asperti, M., Vignati, M., Braghin, F.: Modelling of the vertical dynamics of an electric kick scooter. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 23, 9266–9274 (2021)
Arslan, E., Uyulan, Ç.: Analysis of an e-scooter and rider system dynamic response to curb traversing through physics-informed machine learning methods. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering (2022)
Cano-Moreno, J.D., Islán, M.E., Blaya, F., et al.: E-scooter vibration impact on driver comfort and health. J. Vibr. Eng. Technol. 1–15 (2021)
Vella, A.D., Vigliani, A.: Research on the longitudinal dynamics of an electric scooter. SAE Int. J. Veh. Dyn. Stab. NVH 7, 35–51 (2022)
Vella, A.D., Digo, E., Vigliani, A.: Experimental analysis and multibody simulation of electric kick scooter braking maneuver. In: IFToMM World Congress on Mechanism and Machine Science. Springer, pp. 533–540 (2024)
Vella, A.D., Dimauro, L., Vigliani, A.: Dynamic characterization of an electric kick scooter through operational modal analysis. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference (IOMAC 2024). Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 514. Springer, Cham (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61421-7_21
Garman, C.M.R., Como, S.G., Campbell, I.C., et al.: Micro-mobility vehicle dynamics and rider kinematics during electric scooter riding. SAE Technical Paper (2020)
Digo, E., Pastorelli, S., Gastaldi, L.: A Narrative review on wearable inertial sensors for human motion tracking in industrial scenarios. Robotics 11, 138 (2022)
Digo, E., Pierro, G., Pastorelli, S., Gastaldi, L.: Tilt-twist method using inertial sensors to assess spinal posture during gait. In: Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region (RAAD 2019), vol. 28. Springer, pp. 384–392 (2020)
Vella, A.D., Digo, E., Gastaldi, L., et al.: Statistical analysis of the vibrations transmitted from an electric kick scooter to riders. Exp. Tech. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-023-00693-7
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Vella, A.D., Digo, E., Gastaldi, L., Pastorelli, S.P., Vigliani, A. (2024). Evaluation of Human Body Kinematics While Riding Electric Kick Scooter. In: Quaglia, G., Boschetti, G., Carbone, G. (eds) Advances in Italian Mechanism Science. IFToMM Italy 2024. Mechanisms and Machine Science, vol 163. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64553-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64553-2_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-64552-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-64553-2
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)