Abstract
Insulin’s effects, including its pivotal regulation of blood glucose levels, are mediated by a cell-surface receptor (reviewed in Olefsky, 1990; Ullrich and Schlessinger, 1990). The structure of the insulin receptor, defined using recombinant DNA techniques, exhibits a high degree of overall similarity with the receptor for the structurally related insulin-like growth factor (IGF), IGF-I (for review, see Czech, 1989). These heterotetrameric glycoproteins consists of extracellular a-subunits containing the insulin-binding region disulfide-bonded to β-subunits which span the membrane and contain a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase activated by insulin binding (Ebina et al., 1985; Ullrich et al., 1985; Ullrich et al., 1986). The α-and β-subunits are derived by proteolytic cleavage of the proreceptor.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbot, A.M., Bueno, R., Pedrini, M.T., Murray, J.M., and Smith R.J., 1992, Insulin-like growth factor I receptor gene structure, J. Biol. Chem. 267:10759.
Adachi, T., Takiya, S., Suzuki, Y., Iwami, M., Kawakami, A., Takahashi, S.Y., Ishizaki, H., Nagasawa, H., and Suzuki, A., 1989, cDNA structure and expression of bombyxin, an insulin-like brain secretory peptide of the silkmoth bombyx mori, J. Biol. Chem. 264:7681.
Araki, E., Shimada, F., Uzawa, H., Mori, M., and Ebina, Y., 1987, Characterization of the promoter region of the human insulin receptor gene, J. Biol. Chem. 262:16186.
Carlsson-Skwirut, C., Lake, M., Hartmanis, M., Hall, K., and Sara, V.R., 1989, A comparison of the biological activity of the recombinant intact and truncated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1011:192.
Chan, S.J., Episkopou, V., Zeitlin, S., Karathanasis, S.K., MacKrell, A., Steiner, D.F., and Efstratiadis, A., 1984, Guinea pig preproinsulin gene: an evolutionary compromise?, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 81: 5046.
Czech, M.P., 1989, Signal transmission by the insulin-like growth factors, Cell. 59:235.
Ebina, Y., Ellis, L., Jarnagin, K., Edery, M., Graf, L., Clauser, E., Ou, J., Masiarz, F., Kan, Y.W., Goldfine, I.D., Roth, R.A., and Rutter, W.J., 1985, The human insulin receptor cDNA: the structural basis for hormone-activated transmembrane signalling, Cell. 40:747.
Graur, D., Hide, W.A., and Li, W.-H., 1991, Is the guinea-pig a rodent?, Nature. 351:649.
Gustafson, T.A., and Rutter, W J., 1990, The cysteine-rich domains of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor I receptors are primary determinants of hormone binding specificity, J. Biol. Chem. 265:18663.
Hostetter, T.H., 1991, Diabetic Nephropathy, in: “The Kidney Vol. 2,” B.M. Brenner and F.C Rector, eds., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
King, G.L., and Kahn, C.R., 1981, Non-parallel evolution of metabolic and growth-promoting functions of insulin, Nature. 292:644.
Kurachi, H., Jobo, K., Ohta, M., Kawasaki, T., and Itoh, N., 1992, A new member of the insulin receptor family, insulin receptor-related receptor, is expressed perferentially in the kidney, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187:934.
Mamula, P.W., Wong, K.-Y., Maddux, B.A., McDonald, A.R., and Goldfine, I.D., 1988, Sequence and analysis of promoter region of human insulin-receptor gene, Diabetes. 37:1241.
Mauer, S.M., Ellis, E.J., Bilous, R.W., and Steffes, M.W., 1989, The pathology of diabetic nephropathy, in: “Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,” B. Draznin, S. Melmed, and D. LeRoith, eds., Alan R. Liss Inc., New York.
Murphy, L.J., Bell, G.I., and Friesen, H.G., 1987, Tissue distribution of insulin-like growth factor I and II messenger ribonucleic acid in the adult rat, Endocrinology. 120:1279.
Olefsky, J.M., 1990, The Insulin receptor. A multifunctional protein, Diabetes. 39:1009.
Osheroff, P.L., Ling, V.T., Vandlen, R.L., Cronin, M.J., and Lofgren, J.A., 1990, Preparation of biologically active 32P-labeled human relaxin; displaceable binding to rat uterus, cervix, and brain, J. Biol. Chem. 265:9396.
Rosenzweig, J.L., LeRoith, D., Lesniak, M.A., Maclntyre, I., Sawyer, W.H., and Roth, J., 1983, Two distinct insulins in the guinea pig: the broad relevance of these findings to evolution of peptide hormones, Fed. Proc. 42:2608.
Rubenstein, A.H., Melani, F., and Steiner, D.F., 1972, Circulating proinsulin: immunology, measurement, and biological activity. Handbook of Physiology, Section 7 Endocrinology. 1:515.
Seino, S., Seino, M., Nishi, S., and Bell, G.I., 1989, Structure of the human insulin receptor gene and characterization of its promoter, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:114.
Shier, P., and Watt, V.M., 1989, Primary structure of a putative receptor for a ligand of the insulin family, J. Biol. Chem. 264:14605.
Shier, P. and Watt, V.M., 1992, Tissue-specific expression of the rat insulin receptor-related receptor gene, Mol. Endocrinol. 6:723.
Shier, P., Willard, H.F. and Watt, V.M., 1990, Localization of the insulin receptor-related receptor gene to human chromosome 1, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 54:80.
Smit, A.B., Vreugdenhil, E., Ebberink, R.H.M., Geraerts, W.P.M., Klootwijk, J., and Joosse, J., 1988, Growth-controlling molluscan neurons produce the precursor of an insulin-related peptide, Nature. 331:535.
Ullrich, A., Bell, J.R., Chen, E.Y., Herrera, R., Petruzzelli, L.M., Dull, T.J., Gray, A., Coussens, L., Liao, Y.-C., Tsubokawa, M., Mason, A., Seeburg, P.H., Grunfeld, C., Rosen, O.M., and Ramachandran, J., 1985, Human insulin receptor and its relationship to the tyrosine kinase family of oncogenes, Nature. 313:756.
Ullrich, A., Gray, A., Tam, A.W., Yang-Feng, T., Tsubokawa, M., Collins, C., Henzel, W., Le Bon, T., Kathuria, S., Chen, E., Jacobs, S., Francke, U., Ramachandran, J., and Fujita-Yamaguchi, Y., 1986, Insulin-like growth factor I receptor primary structure: comparison with insulin receptor suggests structural determinants that define functional specificity, EMBO J. 5:2503.
Ullrich, A., and Schlessinger, J., 1990, Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity, Cell. 61:203.
Vanin E.F., 1985, Processed pseudogenes: characteristics and evolution, Ann. Rev. Genet. 19:253.
Watt, V.M., 1985, Sequence and evolution of guinea pig preproinsulin DNA, J. Biol. Chem. 260:10926.
Yang-Feng, T.L., Francke, U., and Ullrich, A., 1985, Gene for human insulin receptor: localization to site on chromosome 19 involved in pre-B-cell leukemia, Science. 228:728.
Zhang, B., and Roth, R.A., 1991, Binding properties of chimeric insulin receptors containing the cysteine-rich domain of either the insulin-like growth factor I receptor or the insulin receptor related receptor, Biochemistry. 30:5113.
Zhang, B., and Roth, R.A., 1992, The insulin receptor-related receptor: tissue expression, ligand binding specificity, and signaling capabilities, J. Biol. Chem. 267:18320.
Zierath, J.R., Galuska, D., Johansson, B.-L., and Wallberg-Henriksson, H., 1991, Effect of human C-peptide on glucose transport in in vitro incubated human skeletal muscle, Diabetologia. 34:899.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Watt, V.M., Shier, P., Chan, J., Petrisor, B.A., Mathi, S.K. (1994). IRR: A Novel Member of the Insulin Receptor Family. In: Le Roith, D., Raizada, M.K. (eds) Current Directions in Insulin-Like Growth Factor Research. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 343. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2988-0_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2988-0_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6301-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2988-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive