Abstract
Though by far less popularly publicized than the 50th jubilee of the determination of DNA structure, celebrated three years ago, 2006 will be the 40th anniversary of the introduction of molecular markers in the genetic analysis, by Richard Lewontin in 1966. From the earliest, labour intensive and time-consuming applications to the study of the natural populations, to the massive exploitation in genome mapping of important plant species, it took therefore less than half a century for molecular markers to become a fundamental tool of theoretical and applied genetics. The oldest method for the analysis of the animal and plants' genomes is their mapping, i.e. the ordered positioning of a number of tags, acting as markers, along the entire length of the genome itself or, in the case of the eukaryotic genomes, of each of the chromosomes in which it is fragmented. The concept that two phenotypic traits can be inherited more often together rather than separately, probably dates back to the early breeding experiences. In the early decades of last century, the developments of genetic analysis led to the construction of the first genetic maps, consisting of a few tens of markers — mostly phenotypic, visible or easily scorable traits (Sturtevant 1913). It took about 50 years for a new breakthrough in the linkage mapping technologies and strategies to occur, as it was recognized that molecular tags, for example the isoenzymatic variants coded by different alleles at the same genetic locus, could be treated as markers as well (Lewontin and Hubby 1966), and their association with other traits, or between them, could be studied by standard genetic means.
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Keywords
- Amplify Fragment Length Polymorphism
- Sugar Beet
- Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus
- Cannabis Sativa
- Cercospora Leaf Spot
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Mandolino, G. (2007). Marker assisted selection and genomics of industrial plants. In: RANALLI, P. (eds) Improvement of Crop Plants for Industrial End Uses. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5486-0_3
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