Abstract
Determining the taxonomic status of the red algal genus Chondracanthus based on morphological characters is challenging due to the similarity and high degree of plasticity of the thallus. Since the taxonomic history of several Chondracanthus species remains unclear, we analyzed the plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI genes of the specimens from Korea and Japan, in combination with morphological observations, to examine their phylogenetic relationships. Our results confirmed the distinction of C. okamurae, which is separated from C. intermedius, and identified a novel species, C. cincinnus sp. nov. Three species (C. okamurae, C. intermedius and C. cincinnus) formed a monophyletic clade with C. tenellus. C. okamurae is distinguished by linear, narrow, cylindrical to compressed, slightly recurved axes, and a high-intertidal to subtidal distribution. It was collected from Korea and Japan, while C. intermedius was identified from Japan only. A new species, Chondracanthus cincinnus sp. nov., is characterized by linear, compressed, strongly recurved axes, and a low-intertidal to subtidal distiribution. Based on the molecular phylogeny using rbcL and COI data, we herein resurrect C. okamurae as a distinct species and identify C. cincinnus as a new species.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Abbott IA (1998) Some new species and new combinations of marine red algae from the Central Pacific. Phycol Res 46:97–109
Bory de Saint-Vincent JB (1828) Botanique, Cryptogamie. In: Duperrey LI (ed) Voyage autour du monde, exécuté par ordre du Roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majesté, la Coquille, pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Bertrand, Paris, pp 97–200
Guiry MD, Guiry GM (2015) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org Accessed 30 Mar 2015
Hall TA (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucl Acids S 41:95–98
Harvey WH (1860) Characters of new algae, chiefly from Japan and adjacent regions, collected by Charles Wright in the North Pacific Exploring Expedition under Captain James Rodgers. P Am Acad Arts Sci 4:327–335
Hind KR, Gabrielson PW, Saunders GW (2014) Molecular-assisted alpha taxonomy reveals pseudocryptic diversity among species of Bossiella (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Phycologia 53:443–456
Hommersand MH, Guiry MD, Fredericq S, Leister GL (1993) New perspectives in the taxonomy of the Giugartinaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 260/261:105–120
Hommersand MH, Fredericq S, Freshwater DW (1994) Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the Gigartinaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) based on sequence analysis of rbcL. Bot Mar 37:193–203
Hommersand MH, Fredericq S, Freshwater DW, Hughey J (1999) Recent developments in the systematics of the Gigartinaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) based on rbcL sequence analysis and morphological evidence. Phycol Res 47:139–152
Hughey JR, Hommersand MH (2008) Morphological and molecular systematic study of Chondracanthus (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta) from Pacific North America. Phycologia 47:124–155
Kang JW (1968) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Volume 8. Marine algae. Samhaw Press, Seoul, 466 p
Kang JC, Yang MY, Lin S-M, Kim MS (2015) Reappraisal of nine species of Martensia (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) reported from Korea based on morphology and molecular analyses. Bot Mar 58:151–166
Kim MS, Kim SY, Nelson W (2010) Symphyocladia lithophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new Korean red algal species based on morphology and rbcL sequences. Bot Mar 53:233–241
Kim KM, Hwang IK, Park JK, Boo SM (2011) A new agarophyte species, Gelidium eucorneum sp. nov. (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta), based on molecular and morphological data. J Phycol 47: 904–910
Kim KM, Hwang IK, Yoon HS, Boo SM (2012) Four novel Gelidium species (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) discovered in Korea: G. coreanum, G. jejuensis, G. minimum and G. prostatum. Phycologia 51:461–474
Lane CE, Lindstrom SC, Saunders GW (2007) A molecular assessment of northeast Pacific Alaria species (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) with reference to the utility of DNA barcoding. Mol Phylogenet Evol 44:634–648
Lee Y, Kang S (2001) A catalogue of the seaweeds in Korea. Jeju National University Press, Jeju. 662 p
Lee Y (2008) Marine algae of Jeju. Academy Publication, Seoul, 477 p
Lin S-M, Yang W-C, Huisman J, De Clerck O, Lee WJ (2013) Molecular phylogeny of the widespread Martensia fragilis complex (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Indo-Pacific region reveals three new species of Martensia from Taiwan. Eur J Phycol 48:173–187
Masuda M, Abe T, Kawaguchi S, Phang SM (1999) Taxonomic notes on marine algae from Malaysia I. six species of Rhodophyceae. Bot Mar 42:449–458
Mikami H (1965) A systematic study of the Phyllophoraceae and Gigartinaceae from Japan and its vicinity. Mem Fac Fish Hokkaido Univ 5:181–285
Norris JN (2014) Marine algae of the northern Gulf of California, II: Rhodophyta. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, no. 96. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC, 555 p
Okamura K (1909) Icones of Japanese algae. Vol. 1. Kazamashobo, Tokyo, 258 p
Saunders GW (2005) Applying DNA barcoding to red macroalgae: a preliminary appraisal holds promise for future applications. Philos T Roy Soc B 360:1879–1888
Saunders GW (2008) A DNA barcode examination of the red algal family Dumontiaceae in Canadian waters reveals substantial cryptic diversity. 1. The foliolse Dilsea-Neodilsea complex and Weeksia. Botany 86:773–789
Saunders GW, McDonald B (2010) DNA barcoding reveals multiple overlooked Australian species of the red algal order Rhodymeniales (Florideophyceae), with resurrection of Halopeltis J. Agardh and description of Pseudohalopeltis gen. nov. Botany 88:639–667
Schneider CW, Lane CE (2005) Notes on the marine algae of the Bermudas. 7. Additions to the flora, including Chondracanthus saundersii sp. nov. (Rhodophyta, Gigartinaceae) based on rbcL sequence analysis. Phycologia 44:72–83
Stamataski A (2006) RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22:2688–2690
Suringar WFR (1867) Algarum iapoinicarum Musei botanici L.B. index praecursorius. Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi 3:256–259
Swofford DL (2002) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and other Methods). Version 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland
Yang MY, Erasmo CM, Kim MS (2015) Molecular evidence for verifying the distribution of Chondracanthus chamissoi and C. teedei (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta). Bot Mar 58:103–113
Yang MY, Kim MS (2015) Taxonomy of Grateloupia (Halymeniales, Rhodophyta) by DNA barcode marker analysis and a description of Pachymeniopsis volvita sp. nov. J Appl Phycol 27:1373–1384
Yoshida T (1998) Marine algae of Japan. Uchida Rokakuho Publishing, Tokyo, 1222 p
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, M.Y., Kim, M.S. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Chondracanthus (Rhodophyta), focusing on the resurrection of C. okamurae and the description of C. cincinnus sp. nov.. Ocean Sci. J. 51, 517–529 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-016-0046-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-016-0046-4