Abstract
Drill and blast is a commonly used method for rock slope excavation in hydropower engineering. During blasting excavation of rock slopes, far-field vibration monitoring on the first upper berm for statutory compliance is usually performed to control the blast-induced rock damage to the final slope face. In this study, for the rock slope excavation in the Jinping-I hydropower station, the field vibration monitoring and acoustic testing are presented to investigate the vibration characteristics on the first upper berm and the damage depth in the current bench. The relationship between the PPV on the first upper berm and the PPV damage threshold on the damage zone boundary is also studied through three-dimensional FEM simulations. The results show that on the first upper berm, the maximum vibration velocity component occurs in the vertical direction. While on the blasting damage zone boundary, the horizontal radial vibration velocity is the maximum component. For the Jinping-I slope with a bench height of 30 m, the radial PPV on the inner side of the first upper berm is 2.06% of the PPV threshold on the damage zone boundary. This ratio is increased as the bench height decreases. Therefore, the bench height of the rock slope is an important factor that cannot be ignored in determining the allowable vibration velocity for rock damage control.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Agan C (2016), “Prediction of Squeezing Potential of Rock Masses Around the Suruc Water Tunnel,” Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 75(2): 451–468.
Ai HA and Ahrens TJ (2006), “Simulation of Dynamic Response of Granite: A Numerical Approach of Shock-Induced Damage Beneath Impact Craters,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, 33(1): 1–10.
Azizabadi HRM, Mansouri H and Fouche O (2014), “Coupling of Two Methods, Waveform Superposition and Numerical, to Model Blast Vibration Effect on Slope Stability in Jointed Rock Masses,” Computers and Geotechnics, 61: 42–49.
Banadaki DMM and Mohanty B (2012), “Numerical Simulation of Stress Wave Induced Fractures in Rock,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, 40: 16–25.
Bastante FG, Alejano L and Cao JG (2012), “Predicting the Extent of Blast-Induced Damage in Rock Masses,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 56: 44–53.
Bauer A and Calder PN (1978), “Open Pit and Blast Seminar,” Course No. 63221, Mining Engineering Department, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Blair DP (1985), “Acoustic Pulse Transmission in Half-Spaces and Finite-Length Cylindrical Rods,” Geophysics, 50(11): 1676–1683.
Blair DP (2004), “Charge Weight Scaling Laws and the Superposition of Blast Vibration Waves,” Fragblast, 8(4): 221–239.
Blair DP (2015a), “The Free Surface Influence on Blast Vibration,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 77: 182–191.
Blair DP (2015b), “Wall Control Blasting,” Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting, Sydney, Australia, 13–26.
Blair DP and Armstrong LW (2001), “The Influence of Burden on Blast Vibration,” Fragblast, 5(1–2): 108–129.
Brent GF, Smith GE and Lye GN (2002), “Studies on the Effect of Burden on Blast Damage and the Implementation of New Blasting Practices to Improve Productivity at KCGMs Fimiston Mine,” Fragblast, 6(2): 189–206.
Feng XT, Zhou YY and Jiang Q (2019), “Rock Mechanics Contributions to Recent Hydroelectric Developments in China,” Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 11(3): 511–526.
Guo HS, Feng XT, Li SJ, Yang CX and Yao ZB (2017), “Evaluation of the Integrity of Deep Rock Masses Using Results of Digital Borehole Televiewers,” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 50(6): 1371–1382.
Haghnejad A, Ahangari K, Moarefvand P and Goshtasbi K (2019), “Numerical Investigation of the Impact of Rock Mass Properties on Propagation of Ground Vibration,” Natural Hazards, 96(2): 587–606.
Holmberg R and Persson PA (1978), “The Swedish Approach to Contour Blasting,” Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Explosive and Blasting Technique, New Orleans, USA, 113–127.
Hu YG, Liu MS, Wu XX, Zhao G and Li P (2018a), “Damage-Vibration Couple Control of Rock Mass Blasting for High Rock Slopes,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 103: 137–144.
Hu YG, Lu WB, Chen M, Yan P and Yang JH (2014), “Comparison of Blast-Induced Damage Between Presplit and Smooth Blasting of High Rock Slope,” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 47(4): 1307–1320.
Hu YG, Lu WB, Wu XX, Liu MS and Li P (2018b), “Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Blasting Damage Control of a High Rock Slope in a Deep Valley,” Engineering Geology, 237: 12–20.
Huang JQ, Zhao M, Xu CS, Du XL, Jin L and Zhao X (2018), “Seismic Stability of Jointed Rock Slopes Under Obliquely Incident Earthquake Waves,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 17(3): 527–539.
Hudaverdi T and Akyildiz O (2021), “An Alternative Approach to Predict Human Response to Blast Induced Ground Vibration,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 20(1): 257–273.
Johnson GR and Holmquist TJ (1994), “An Improved Computational Constitutive Model for Brittle Materials,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 309: 981–984.
Karadogan A, Kahriman A and Ozer U (2014), “A New Damage Criteria Norm for Blast-Induced Ground Vibrations in Turkey,” Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(4): 1617–1626.
Leidig M, Bonner JL, Rath T and Murray D (2010), “Quantification of Ground Vibration Differences from Well-Confined Single-Hole Explosions with Variable Velocity of Detonation,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 47(1): 42–49.
Li HB, Xia X, Li JC, Zhao J, Liu B and Liu YQ (2011), “Rock Damage Control in Bedrock Blasting Excavation for a Nuclear Power Plant,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 48(2): 210–218.
Liu W, Miao HQ, Wang C and Li J (2020), “Test on a Buried Pipe Network Subjected to an Artifcial Earthquake Produced by Multi-Millisecond Blasting,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 19(3): 791–810.
Ma GW and An XM (2008), “Numerical Simulation of Blasting-Induced Rock Fractures,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 45(6): 966–975.
Murthy VMSR and Dey K (2003), “Predicting Overbreak from Blast Vibration Monitoring in a Lake Tap Tunnel — A Success Story,” Fragblast, 7(3): 149–166.
Onederra IA, Furtuey JK, Sellers E and Iverson SR (2013), “Modelling Blast Induced Damage from a Fully Coupled Explosive Charge,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 58: 73–84.
Ouchterlony F, Sjorberg C and Jonsson B (1993), “Blast Damage Predictions from Vibration Measurements at the S.K.B. Underground Laboratories at Aspo in Sweden,” Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Explosives and Blasting Research, San Diego, USA, pp. 189–197.
Sanchidrian JA, Castedo R, Lopez LM, Segarra P and Santos AP (2015), “Determination of the JWL Constants for ANFO and Emulsion Explosives from Cylinder Test Data,” Central European Journal of Energetic Materials, 12(2): 177–194.
Scarpato DJ (2016), “Constructibility Challenges for Perimeter Control Blasting and Slope Development in Shale and Other “Weak” Rocks,” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 49(2): 653–659.
Singh PK and Roy MP (2010), “Damage to Surface Structures due to Blast Vibration,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 47(6): 949–961.
Sun GH, Lin S, Cheng SG, Sui T, Li CG and Zheng H (2018), “Mechanisms of Interaction Between an Arch Dam and Abutment Slope Using Physical Model Tests,” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 51(8): 2483–2504.
Verma HK, Samadhiya NK, Singh M, Goel RK and Singh PK (2018). “Blast Induced Rock Mass Damage around Tunnels,” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 71(1): 149–158.
Wang R, Deng XH, Meng YY, Yuan DY, Xia DH (2019), “Case Study of Modified H-B Strength Criterion in Discrimination Of Surrounding Rock Loose Circle,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 23(3): 1395–1406.
Wang ZL, Li YC and Shen RF (2006), “Numerical Simulation of Tensile Damage and Blast Crater in Brittle Rock Due to Underground Explosion,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 44(5): 730–738.
Xia WJ, Lu WB, Wang GH, Yan P, Liu D and Leng ZD (2020), “Safety Threshold of Blasting Vibration Velocity in Foundation Excavation of Baihetan Super-High Arch Dam,” Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 79: 4999–5012.
Yan P, Lu WB, Zhang Jing, Zou YJ and Chen M (2017), “Evaluation of Human Response to Blasting Vibration from Excavation of a Large Scale Rock Slope: A Case Study,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 16(2): 435–446.
Yan P, Zou YJ, Lu WB, Hu YG, Leng ZD, Zhang YZ, Liu L, Hu HR, Chen M and Wang GH (2016), “Real-Time Assessment of Blasting Damage Depth Based on the Induced Vibration During Excavation of a High Rock Slope,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, 39(6): 991–1005.
Yang JH, Cai JY, Yao C, Li P, Jiang QH and Zhou CB (2019), “Comparative Study of Tunnel Blast-Induced Vibration on Tunnel Surfaces and Inside Surrounding Rock,” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 52(11): 4747–4761.
Yang JH, Dai JH, Yao C, Jiang SH, Zhou CB and Jiang QH (2020), “Estimation of Rock Mass Properties in Excavation Damage Zones of Rock Slopes Based on the Hoek-Brown Criterion and Acoustic Testing,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 126: 104192.
Yang R, Rocque P, Katsabanis P and Bawden WF (1994), “Measurement and Analysis of Near-Field Blast Vibration and Damage,” Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 12(3): 169–182.
Yuan W, Liu SG, Wang W, Su XB, Li ZH, Li JX, Wen L, Chang JF and Sun XY (2019), “Numerical Study on the Fracturing Mechanism of Shock Wave Interactions Between Two Adjacent Blast Holes in Deep Rock Blasting,” Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 18(4): 735–746.
Zeng YQ, Li HB, Xia X, Liu B, Zuo H and Jiang JL (2018), “Blast-Induced Rock Damage Control in Fangchenggang Nuclear Power Station, China,” Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 10(5): 914–923.
Zhou CB, Jiang QH, Wei W, Chen YF and Rong G (2016), “Safety Monitoring and Stability Analysis of Left Bank High Slope at Jinping-I Hydropower Station,” Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 49(4): 308–321.
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51969015 and U1765207) and the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 20192ACB21019 and 20204BCJ23002). The authors wish to express their thanks to the sponsors for this support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 51969015 and U1765207 and Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 20192ACB21019 and 20204BCJ23002
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jianhua, Y., Jiyong, C., Chi, Y. et al. Discussion on blasting vibration monitoring for rock damage control in rock slope excavation. Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib. 21, 53–65 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-021-2071-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-021-2071-2