Abstract
The separation of Al from the silicon-rich diasporic bauxite is of great significance in alumina production. Herein, we proposed a low-temperature ammonium sulfate roasting-water leaching process to extract aluminum from silicon-rich diasporic bauxite. Parameters including roasting temperature, dosage of ammonium sulfate, roasting time, and particle size of ore were investigated. Under the condition of roasting temperature of 400 °C, roasting time of 5 h, ammonium sulfate dosage of 2.5 times of the theoretical value and ore particle size of 80–96 µm, more than 98% leaching rate of aluminum was obtained. The phase transformation and mechanism during the roasting process were revealed by using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscope methods. The diaspore and kaolinite phases in the silicon-rich diasporic bauxite could react with ammonium sulfate to form corresponding sulfates (NH4)3Al(SO4)3, NH4Al(SO4)2 and Al2(SO4)3. The proposed technology could provide an effective method for the direct and separation of aluminum from silicon-rich diasporic bauxite.
摘要
一水硬铝石型铝土矿中铝硅的分离在氧化铝生产中具有重要意义。硫酸铵低温焙烧技术能有效 提取矿物中的金属元素, 本文以硫酸铵为提取剂, 将一水硬铝石型铝土矿与硫酸铵共同焙烧提取铝。 实验考察了焙烧过程中铝提取的主要影响因素: 焙烧温度, 硫酸铵用量, 焙烧时间和矿物粒度。结果 表明, 在400 °C 下保温2 h、硫酸铵用量为理论值的2.5 倍、矿物粒度在80–96 μm 的条件下, 铝的提 取率可达到98% 以上。通过X 射线衍射、热分析, 扫描电镜等研究焙烧过程中不同物相铝的反应 行为和反应机理, 发现在不同条件下, 一水硬铝石和高岭石均可以与硫酸铵反应生成相应的硫酸盐: (NH4)3 Al(SO4)3 、NH4 Al(SO4)2 和Al2 (SO4)3 。硫酸铵与一水硬铝石型铝土矿混合焙烧—水溶出技术为铝土 矿中铝硅直接分离提供了一种有效的方法。
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Projects(N182304020, N172304045) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Project(E2017501073) supported by the Hebei Province Natural Science Fund, China; Project(2019CDXYCL0031) supported by the New Materials and New Metallurgical Technology Frontier Scientific and Technological Innovation, China
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Xu, Yj., Xin, Hx., Duan, Hm. et al. Reaction behavior of silicon-rich diasporic bauxite with ammonium sulfate during roasting. J. Cent. South Univ. 29, 22–31 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-022-4917-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-022-4917-9