Abstract
The impression made by a loaded cylindrical flat-end punch on a polymer surface was observed to disappear with time at the same temperature after the load was removed. The depth-time relation appeared to obey second order kinetics. The temperature dependence of the rate constant shows two consecutive processes with activation energies, 906 kJ/mole (between 143 and 147°C) and 91 kJ/mole (between 150 and 160°C) for PC (Tg is at about 146°C) and 440 kJ/mole (between 104 and 110°C) and 95 kJ/mole (between 115 and 140°C) for PMMA (Tg is at about 112°C). These activation energies are probably associated with the motion and annihilation of conformational or structural defects of opposite signs. This kind of shape memory phenomena may be general for all amorphous polymers.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J.E. Bauerle and J.S. Koehler, Phys. Rev. 107, 1493 (1957).
J.C.M. Li, Recrystallization, Grain Growth and Textures, ASM Seminar (Metals Park, OH, ASM, 1965), p. 45.
R.O. Williams, Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 224, 719 (1962).
W.C. Leslie, F.J. Plecity and J.T. Michalak, ibid 221, 691 (1961).
W.C. Leslie, F.J. Plecity and F.W. Aul, ibid 221, 982 (1961).
A.T. English and W.A. Backofen, ibid 230, 396 (1964).
G.R. Speich and R.M. Fisher,6Recrystallization, Grain Growth and Textures ASM Seminar (Metals Park, OH: ASM, 1965), p. 563.
CD. Graham Jr and R.W. Cahn, Trans. AIME 206, 504 (1956).
J.C.M. Li, Met. Trans. 9A, 1353 (1978).
B.T.A. Chang and J.C.M. Li, J. Mater. Sei. 15, 1364 (1980).
B.T.A. Chang and J.C.M. Li, J. Mater. Sei. 16, 889 (1981).
P.F. Dismore, Polymer Lett. 2, 133 (1964).
J.G. Dumbleton, J. Polymer Sei. A27, 667 (1969).
P.S. Godavarti and K.L. Murty, J. Mater. Sei. Lett. 6, 456 (1987).
Fuqian Yang and J.C.M. Li U,Mater. Sci. Eng. A201,40(1995).
P.M. Sargent and M. F. Ashby, Mater. Sci. Tech. 8,594(1992).
M.J. Mayo, and W.D. Nix, Acta Metall. 36, 2183 (1988).
W.R. Lafontaine, B. Yost, R.D. Black and C.Y. Li, J. Mater. Res. 5, 2100 (1990).
W.C. Oliver and G.M. Pharr, J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992).
Fuqian Yang and J.C.M. Li, to be published.
S.N.G. Chu and J.C.M. Li, J. Eng. Mater. Tech. 103, 337 (1980).
J.C.M. Li,Rate Processes in Plastic Deformation of Materials, (Metals Park, OH: ASM 1975), p. 479.
R.W. Tung, Ph.D. Thesis Univ. Rochester, Rochester, NY (1979).
Donyau Chiang and J.C. M. Li, Polymer 35, 4103 (1994).
J. J. Benbow, The Rheology of Elastomer, ed. P. Mason and N. Wookey (London: Pergamon Press, 1958), p. 164.
J.B. Park and D.R. Uhlmann, J. Appl. Phys. 41,2928 (1970).
J.B. Park and D.R. Uhlmann, J. Appl. Phys. 44, 201 (1970).
R.J. Young, Introduction to Polymers (Chapman and Hall, New York, 1981), p. 231.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, F., Zhang, S. & Li, J.C.M. Impression recovery of amorphous polymers. J. Electron. Mater. 26, 859–862 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-997-0263-9
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-997-0263-9