Abstract
Sequestration of carbon dioxide in geological formations is an alternative way of managing extra carbon. Although there are a number of mathematical modeling studies related to this subject, experimental studies are limited and most studies focus on injection into sandstone reservoirs as opposed to carbonate ones. This study describes a fully coupled geochemical compositional equation-of-state compositional simulator (STARS) for the simulation of CO2 storage in saline aquifers. STARS models physical phenomena including (1) thermodynamics of sub- and supercritical CO2, and PVT properties of mixtures of CO2 with other fluids, including (saline) water; (2) fluid mechanics of single and multiphase flow when CO2 is injected into aquifers; (3) coupled hydrochemical effects due to interactions between CO2, reservoir fluids, and primary mineral assemblages; and (4) coupled hydromechanical effects, such as porosity and permeability change due to the aforementioned blocking of pores by carbonate particles and increased fluid pressures from CO2 injection. Matching computerized tomography monitored laboratory experiments showed the uses of the simulation model. In the simulations dissolution and deposition of calcite as well as adsorption of CO2 that showed the migration of CO2 and the dissociation of CO2 into HCO3 and its subsequent conversion into carbonate minerals were considered. It was observed that solubility and hydrodynamic storage of CO2 is larger compared to mineral trapping.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- k f :
-
Instantaneous absolute permeability
- k 0 :
-
Initial absolute permeability
- c :
-
Kozeny–Carman-power
- s ki :
-
Reactant stoichiometric coefficient of reaction k
- \(s_{ki}^{\prime}\) :
-
Product stoichiometric coefficient of reaction k
- s w :
-
Irreducible water saturation
- p d :
-
Entry pressure, MPa
- rk :
-
Rate of reaction k
- rrk :
-
Constant part of rk
- C i :
-
Concentration of component i in void volume (ppm)
- E ak :
-
Temperature dependence of rk
- H rk :
-
Reaction enthalpy
- R :
-
Gas constant (Pa · m3/mol-K)
- T :
-
Temperature (K)
- λ:
-
Pore-size distribution index of Brooks–Corey model
- ϕ :
-
Instantaneous effective porosity
- ϕ 0 :
-
Initial effective porosity
- φ f :
-
Fraction of void porosity occupied by fluids
- φ s :
-
Fraction of void porosity occupied by solid particles
References
Allen D.E., Strazisar B.R., Soong Y. and Hedges S.W. (2005). Modeling carbon dioxide sequestration in saline aquifers: significance of elevated pressures and salinities. Fuel Process. Technol. 86(14–15): 1569–1580
Bartels, J., Kühn, M., Schneider, W., Clauser, C., Pape, H., Meyn, V., Lajczak, I.: Core flooding laboratory experiment validates numerical simulation of induced permeability change in reservoir sandstone. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(9), (2002). doi:10.1029/2002GL014901
Computer Modeling Group (CMG): CMG STARS User’s Guide. Computer Modeling Group LTD., Calgary (2003)
Doughty C. and Pruess K. (2004). Modeling supercritical carbon dioxide injection in heterogeneous porous media. Vadose Zone J. 3(3): 837–847
Ennis-King, J., Paterson, L.: (2002). Engineering aspects of geological sequestration of carbon dioxide. In: SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, paper SPE 77809
Gunter W.D., Wiwchar B. and Perkins E.H. (1997). Aquifer disposal of CO2-rich greenhouse gases: extension of the time scale of experiment for CO2-sequestering reactions by geochemical modelling. Mineral. Petrol. 59: 121–140
Gunter W.D., Perkins E.H. and Hutcheon I. (2000). Aquifer disposal of acid gases: modelling of water-rock reactions for trapping of acid wastes. Appl. Geochem. 15: 1085–1095
Hibbeler, J., Garcia, T., Chavez, N.: An integrated long term solution for migratory fines damage. In: SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Port of Spain, 27–30 April 2003
Itoi, R., Fukuda, M., Jinno, K., Shimizu, S., Tomita T.: Numerical analysis of the injectivity of wells in the Otake geothermal field, Japan. In: Proceedings of 9th New Zealand Geothermal Workshop, pp 103–108. Geothermal Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 4–6 November 1987
Izgec, O., Demiral, B., Bertin, H., Akin, S.: CO2 injection into sline carbonate aquifer formations I: laboratory investigation. Transp. Porous Med. (2007) to appear
Johnson, J.W., Nitao, J.J., Steefel, C.I., Knaus, K.G.: Reactive transport modeling of geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers: the influence of intra-aquifer shales and the relative effectiveness of structural, solubility, and mineral trapping during prograde and retrograde sequestration. In: Proceedings of 1st Nat. Conf. Carbon Sequestration, Washington (2001)
Kaszuba J.P. and Janecky D.R. (2000). Experimental hydration and carbonation reactions of MgO: a simple analog for subsurface carbon sequestration processes. Geol. Soc. Am., Abstr. Prog. 32: A202
Kaszuba J.P., Janecky D.R. and Snow M.G. (2001). Carbon dioxide reaction processes in a model brine aquifer at 200 C and 200 bars: implications for subsurface carbon sequestration. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Prog. 33: A232
Kaszuba J.P., Janecky D.R. and Snow M.G. (2003). Carbon dioxide reaction processes in a model brine aquifer at 200°C and 200 bars: implications for geologic sequestration of carbon.. Appl. Geochem. 18: 1065–1080
Kohse, B.F., Nghiem, L.X., Maeda, H., Ohno, K.: Modelling phase behaviour including the effect of pressure and temperature on asphaltene precipitation. In: SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Brisbane, Paper SPE 64465, 16–18 October 2000
Korbol R. and Kaddour A. (1995). Sleipner vest CO2 disposal-injection of removed CO2 into the Utsira formation. Energy Convers. Manag. 36: 509–512
Kumar A., Ozah R., Noh M., Pope G.A., Bryant S., Sepehrnoori K. and Lake L.W. (2005). Reservoir simulation of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers. SPE J 10(3): 336–348
Kühn M. (2004). Reactive flow modeling of hydrothermal systems. Lect. Notes Earth Sci. 103: 209–226
Lagneau V., Pipart A. and Catalette H. (2005). Reactive transport modelling of CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers. Oil Gas Sci. Technol. Revue De L Institut Francais Du Petrole 60(2): 231–247
Law, D.H., Van der Meer, L.H.G., Gunter, W.D.: Comparison of numerical simulators for greenhouse gas storage in coalbeds, part I: pure carbon dioxide injection. In: Proceedings of 1st Nat. Conf. Carbon Sequestration, Washington (2001)
Lichtner, P.C. (ed.): Reactive transport in porous media (reviews in mineralogy). Mineralogical Society of America, 438 pp (1996)
McCume C.C., Forgler H.S. and Kline W.E. (1979). An experiment technique for obtaining permeability-porosity relationship in acidized porous media. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 18(2): 188–192
Matthai, S.K., Belayneh, M.: Fluid flow partitioning between fractures and a permeable rock matrix. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31(7), Art. No. L07602 (2004)
McPherson, B.J.O.L., Lichtner, P.C.: CO2 sequestration in deep aquifers. In: Proceedings of 1st Nat. Conf. Carbon Sequestration. Washington (2001)
Moghadasi J., Müller-Steinhagen H., Jamialahmadi M. and Sharif A. (2005). Model study on the kinetics of oil formation damage due to salt precipitation from injection. J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 46(4): 299
Omole, O., Osoba, J.S.: Carbon dioxide – dolomite rock interaction during CO2 flooding process. In: 34th Annual Technical Meeting of the Petroleum Society of CIM, Canada (1983)
Pange M.K.R. and Ziauddin M. (2005). Two-scale continuum model for simulation of wormholes in carbonate acidization. AIChE J. 51(12): 3231–3248
Perkins, E.H., Gunter, W.D.: Aquifer disposal of CO2-rich greenhouse gasses: modelling of water-rock reaction paths in a siliciclastic aquifer. In: Kharaka, Y.K., Chudaev, O.V. (eds.) Proceedings of 8th Internat. Symp. Water-Rock Interaction, pp. 895–898 (1995)
Pruess, K., Xu, T.: Numerical modeling of aquifer disposal of CO2. In: SPE/EPA/DOE Exploration and Production Environmental Conference, San Antonio, SPE Paper 83695 (2001)
Pruess K., Xu T.F., Apps J. and Garcia J. (2003). Numerical modeling of aquifer disposal of CO2. SPE J. 8(1): 49–60
Pruess, K., García, J., Kovscek, T., Oldenburg, C., Rutqvist, J., Steefel, C., Xu, T.: Intercomparison of numerical simulation codes for geologic disposal of CO2. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report, LBNL-51813, November 2002
Reichle, D., Houghton, J., Benson, S., Clarke, J., Dahlman, R., Hendrey, G., Herzog, H., Hunter-Cevera, J., Jacobs, G., Judkins, R., Kane, B., Ekmann, J., Ogden, J., Palmisano, A., Socolow, R., Stringer, J., Surles, T., Wolsky, A., Woodward, N., York, M.: Carbon Sequestration Research and Development, Office of Science, Office of Fossil Energy, U.S. Department of Energy (1999)
Sengers J.M.H.L., Harvey A.H., Crovetto R. and Gallagher J.S. (1992). Standard states, reference states and finite-concentration effects in near-critical mixtures with applications to aqueous-solutions. Fluid Phase Equilibria 81(1–2): 85–107
Siu, A.L., Rozon, B.J., Li, Y.K., Nghiem, L.X.: A fully implicit thermal wellbore model for multicomponent fluid flows. SPE California Regional Meeting, Bakersfield, SPE 18777, 5–7 April 1990
Snoeyink, L.W., Jenkins, D.: Water Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons Publications, pp. 85–135 (1980)
Spycher N., Pruess K. and Ennis-King J. (2003). CO2–H2O mixtures in the geological sequestration of CO2. I. Assessment and calculation of mutual solubilities from 12 to 100°C and up to 600 bar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67(16): 3015–3031
Wang Y. and Thomson W.J. (1995). The effects of steam and carbon-dioxide on calcite decomposition using dynamic X-ray-diffraction. Chem. Eng. Sci. 50(9): 1373–1382
White, S.P., Weir, G.J., Kissling, W.M.: Numerical simulation of CO2 sequestration in natural CO2 reservoirs on the Colorado Plateau. In: Proceedings of 1st Nat. Conf. Carbon Sequestration, Washington (2001)
Xu T.F., Apps J.A. and Pruess K. (2004). Numerical simulation of CO2 disposal by mineral trapping in deep aquifers. Appl. Geochem. 19(6): 917–936
Zijlma G.J., Jensen A., Johnsson J.E. and Bleek C.M. (2000). The influence of H2O and CO2 on the reactivity of limestone for the oxidation of NH3. Fuel 79(12): 1449–1454
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Izgec, O., Demiral, B., Bertin, H. et al. CO2 Injection into Saline Carbonate Aquifer Formations II: Comparison of Numerical Simulations to Experiments. Transp Porous Med 73, 57–74 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-007-9160-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-007-9160-1