Abstract
The effects of age, gender, bolus volume, and trial on swallowing apnea duration (SAD) and swallow/respiratory phase relationships were examined. Sixty adults, composed of ten males and ten females in each of three age groups (i.e., 20–39, 40–59, and 60–83 years), participated. SAD was assessed via nasal airflow during saliva swallows and 10-, 15-, 20-, 25-mL bolus volumes across three trials. Results revealed SAD is consistent across trial (p>0.05). Significant main effects of age, gender, and bolus volume were found (p<0.05), i.e., elderly adults had longer SAD than young and middle-aged adults; women had longer SAD than men; and SAD increased as bolus volume increased. With respect to saliva swallows, a significant interaction of age by gender was found (p<0.05), i.e., males exhibited a decrease in SAD with increasing age while females exhibited an increase in SAD with increasing age. Concerning swallow/respiratory phase relationships, the pattern of exhale–swallow–exhale was evident during 62% of participants' swallows. Furthermore, age, gender, or bolus volume did not predict the pattern of exhale–swallow–exhale (p>0.05).
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Submitted February 23, 2000; accepted October 2, 2000
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hiss, S., Treole, K. & Stuart, A. Effects of Age, Gender, Bolus Volume, and Trial on Swallowing Apnea Duration and Swallow/Respiratory Phase Relationships of Normal Adults. Dysphagia 16, 128–135 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s004550011001
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s004550011001