A 47-year-old man presenting with fever and fatigue was admitted to our hospital. Laboratory tests revealed acute renal failure with markedly elevated serum creatinine level up to 431.9 μmol/L (normal 57–97). The serum levels of phosphorus and calcium were 275 U/L (normal 45–125) and 3.54 mmol/L (normal 2.11–2.52), respectively. Ultrasonography of parathyroid glands revealed no abnormality. Abdominal CT showed multiple focal osteolytic destructions of the pelvic bones, including the left symphysis pubis (H), and with no enlarged lymph nodes. Whole body bone scan was performed with 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT for further evaluation. Incidentally, diffuse and intense uptake of 99mTc-MDP in the heart, lungs, liver, and stomach was observed on bone scan (A: anterior and B: posterior). SPECT (C), CT (D/G), and fusion SPECT/CT (E/F) images clearly showed the uptake in the pulmonary parenchyma, left ventricular myocardium, hepatic parenchyma, and gastric mucosa. Moreover, multiple ground glass high-density lesions along the bronchi were observed in both the lungs (G), which were correlated with pneumonia and clinical symptoms.

The diagnosis of primary bone marrow diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was established by bone marrow biopsy without any nodal or extraskeletal involvement [1]. This is a rare disease, especially with an unusual presentation of multiple organs uptake of 99mTc-MDP. Visceral organ concentration of 99mTc-MDP on bone scintigraphy has been reported in previous studies [2,3,4,5], but concomitant uptake by the heart, lungs, liver, and stomach is fairly rare. We are the first to report this presentation on a patient with primary bone marrow DLBCL. Diffuse and intense 99mTc-MDP uptake in multiple organs is probably due to hypercalcemia and might represent rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. This patient died two weeks after the bone scan owing to multiple organ failure.

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