Abstract
We investigate Q-balls in a 1+1 dimensional complex scalar field theory. We find that the relaxation of a squashed Q-ball is dominated by the decay of a normal mode through nonlinear coupling to scattering modes and a long-lasting quasi-normal mode. We also study how these Q-balls behave when exposed to scalar radiation, finding that for certain conditions they can experience negative radiation pressure.
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Acknowledgments
PED was supported in part by the STFC under consolidated grant ST/T000708/1 “Particles, Fields and Spacetime”, and would like to thank the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, South Africa, for hospitality during the last stages of this work. TR was supported by the Polish National Science Center, grant NCN 2019/35/B/ST2/00059. TR and DC were supported by the Priority Research Area under the program Excellence Initiative — Research University at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. YS would like to thank the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg Delmenhorst for support. We would like to thank Mikhail Smolyakov for pointing out the presence of the Lorentz mode, which was missed in the previous version of the manuscript.
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Ciurla, D., Dorey, P., Romańczukiewicz, T. et al. Perturbations of Q-balls: from spectral structure to radiation pressure. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 196 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)196
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)196