Abstract
This paper presents a review and an evaluation of slip line methods, upper bound methods, slab methods, and finite element methods for force and torque calculations in the hot and cold strip rolling processes. Based on the study, it is recommended that a specific method that suits the analysis should be selected. The following factors should be considered: (a) application of the results, (b) accuracy of the results, and (c) requirements of computer and personnel time. In general, an enhanced slab method for a preliminary analysis and a finite element method for a detailed analysis are recommended.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Abbreviations
- fi :
-
surface traction
- k:
-
shear flow stress
- kijkl :
-
elasticity constants
- nj :
-
normal unit vector
- qi :
-
body forces
- t:
-
time
- Ti :
-
surface forces
- ui,j :
-
displacement
- dui,j :
-
displacement increments
- α:
-
thermal expansion coefficient
- {ie117-01}:
-
effective strain
- {ie117-02}:
-
effective strain rate
- εx, εy,εz, γxy, γxz, γyz :
-
generalized state of strain
- μ:
-
coefficient of friction
- {ie117-03}:
-
equivalent or effective stress
- σ x , σ y , σ z , τ xy , τ xy , τ yz :
-
generalized state of stress
- σ f :
-
flow stress in a uniaxial test
- σ m :
-
average stress
- σ y :
-
yield stress
- σ o :
-
constant yield stress
- τ:
-
friction shear stress or tangential shear stress
- V:
-
volume of the body
References
E.C. Larke,The Rolling of Strip, Sheet, and Plate, Chapman and Hall, London, 1957.
J.M. Alexander, R.C. Brewer, and G.W. Rowe,Manufacturing Technology— Vol. 2, Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, 1987.
R. Hill,The Mathematical Method of Plasticity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1950.
L.R. William,(1) Cold Rolling of Steel, (2) Hot Rolling of Steel, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1978.
C.R. Boer, N. Rebelo, H. Rydstad, and G. Schroder,Process Modeling of Metal Forming and Thermome-chanical Treatment, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 1986.
K.J. Bathe and E.L. William,Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1976.
H. Ford, “The Method of Rolling,”Metallurgical Reviews, 1957, Vol. 1, p. 2.
E. Orowan, “The Calculation of Roll Pressure in Hot and Cold Strip Rolling,” Proc. I. Mech. E., 1943, Vol. 150, p. 140.
D.R. Bland and H. Ford, “Cold Rolling with Strip Tension. Part III. Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Results,”J.I.S.I., 1952, Vol. 171, p. 245.
R.B. Sims, “The Calculation of Roll Force and Torque in Hot Rolling Mills,” Proc. I. Mech. E., 1954, Vol. 167, p. 191.
H. Ford, F. Ellis and D.R. Bland, “Cold Rolling with Strip-Tension. Part I. A New Approximate Method of Calculation and a Comparison with Other Methods,”J.I.S.I., 1951, Vol. 168, p. 157.
D.R. Bland and R.B. Sims, “A Note on the Method of Rolling With Tensions,” Proc. I. Mech. E., 1948, Vol. 159, p. 144; 1953, Vol. 167, p. 371.
J.H. Hitchcock, “Elastic Deformation of Rolls During Cold Rolling,” extract fromRoll Neck Bearings, A.S.M.E. Res. Publ., 1935.
J.M. Alexander, “On the Method of Rolling,” Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A., 1972, Vol. 326, pp. 535–536.
G.D. Lahoti, S.N. Shah, and T. Altan, “Computer-Aided Analysis of the Deformations and Temperature in Strip Rolling,”J. of Engg. for Ind., 1978, Vol. 100, pp. 159–166.
R.D. Venter and A.A. Abd-Rabbo, “Modeling of the Rolling Process—I and II,”Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1980, Vol. 22, pp. 83–98.
P. Christensen, H. Everfelt, N. Bay, and T. Wanheim, “Pressure Distribution in Plate Rolling,” Ann CIRP, 1986, Vol. 35, pp. 141–146.
J.S. Gunasekera and J.M. Alexander, “Analysis of Rolling,” Ann CIRP, 1987, Vol. 36, pp. 203–206.
C.H. Lee and S. Kobayashi, “New Solutions to Rigid Plastic Deformation Problems Using a Matrix Method,”J. Engg. for Industry, 1973, Vol. 95, pp. 865–873.
S.I. Oh, “Finite Element Analysis of Metal Forming Process With Arbitrary Shaped Dies,”Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1982, Vol. 24, pp. 479–493.
K.F. Kennedy, T. Altan, and G.D. Lahoti, “Computer-Aided Analysis of Metal Flow, Stress and Roll Pass Design in Rod Rolling,”Iron and Steel, June 1983, pp. 50–54.
G.J. Li and S. Kobayashi, “Rigid-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of Plane Strain Rolling,”J. Engg. for Ind., Feb. 1982, Vol. 104, pp. 55–64.
B.V. Kiefer, “Three-Dimensional Finite Element Prediction of Material Flow and Strain Distribution in Rolled Rectangular Billets,” Proc. The 1st Int. Conf. on Tech. of Plasticity, Tokyo, 1984, pp. 1116–1125.
J.J. Park and S.I. Oh, “Application of Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis to Shape Rolling Processes,” Symposium on Advances in Inelastic Analysis, ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Dec. 1987. Boston.
R.M. McMeeking and J.R. Rice, “Finite Element Formulations for Problems of Large Elastic-Plastic Deformation,”Int. J. of Solids and Structures, 1975, Vol. 11, pp. 601–616.
J.C. Nagtegaal and J.E. De Jong, “Some Computational Aspects of Elastic Plastic Large Strain Analysis,”Int. J. for Numerical Methods in Engg., 1981, Vol. 17, pp. 15–41.
B. Avitzur and W. Palcha, “The Upper Bound Approach to Plane Strain Problems Using Linear and Rotational Velocity Fields—Part I & II,”J. of Engg. for Ind., 1986, Vol. 108, pp. 295–316.
D.K. Rusia, “A Modified Viscoplastic Formulation For Large Deformations Using a Bulk Modulus Approach,” M.S. Thesis, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, July 1987.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rusia, D. Review and evaluation of different methods for force and torque calculations in the strip rolling process. J. Materials Shaping Technology 9, 117–125 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02833641
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02833641