Abstract
Electro-assisted advanced process was developed for wastewater treatment of phenolic compounds. A series of correlative experiments were carried out: the degradation of phenol by the advanced electrochemical oxidation process, the degradation of chlorophenol by the photo-electrocatalysis, and the degradation of chlorophenol by pair electrodes. It was found that phenol and chlorophenol could be removed rapidly and effectively at initial concentration of 100–400 mg L−1, current density of 3.2–27.5 mA cm−2, and applied voltage of 2–5 V. The combination of electrocatalytic and UV radiation greatly accelerated the removal efficiency. The dechlorination of chlorophenol could be achieved under cathodic reduction so that it could be further oxidized more quickly and completely. The mechanism of dechlorination was proposed to be the indirect dechlorination by atomic hydrogen. The electro-assisted advanced processes were suitable for the treatment of the phenolic compounds.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
APHA, AWWA, WEF, “Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (19th Ed), Washington DC, 515 (1995).
Chen, J., Rulkens, W H. and Bruning, H., “Photochemical Elimination of Phenols and Cod in Industrial Wastewaters”,Wat. Sci. Tech.,35, 231 (1997).
Choi, W., Kim, S., Cho, S., Yoo, H. I. and Kim, M. H., “Photocatalytic Reactivity and Diffusing OH Radicals in the Reaction Medium Containing TiO2 Particles,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,18, 898 (2001).
Comninellis, C. and Nerini, A., “Anodic Oxidation of Phenol in the Presence of NaCl for Wastewater Treatment”,J. Appl. Electrochem.,25, 23 (1995).
Grega, M. D. La, Buckingham, P. L. and Evans, L. C., “Hazardous Waste Management”, McGraw-Hill, New York (1994).
Hirvonen, A., Trapido, M., Hentunen, J. and Tarhanen, J., “Formation of Hydroxylated and Dimeric Intermediates during Oxidation of Chlorinated Phenols in Aqueous Solution”,Chemosphere,41, 1211 (2000).
Hugul, M., Boz, I. and Apak, R., “Photocatalytic Decomposition of 4-Chlorophenol over Oxide Catalysts,J. Hazardous Materials B,64, 313 (1999).
Juttner, K., Galla, U. and Schmieder, H., “Electrochemical Approaches to Environmental Problems in the Process Industry”,Electrochimi Acta,45, 2575 (2000).
Lee, J. and Langer, S. H., “Mathematical Analysis and Experimental Results of Applying Enhanced-Surface-Area Packed-Bed Electrodes in Electrogenerative Sulfur Dioxide Oxidation”,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,12, 168 (1995).
Lee, K. R., Lim, J. H., Lee, J. K. and Chun, H. S., “Reduction of Carbon Dioxide in 3-Dimensional Gas Diffusion Electrodes”,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,16, 829 (1999).
Lin, C. H. and Tseng, S. K., “Electrochemically Reductive Dechlorination of Pentachlorophenol Using a High Overpotential Zinc Cathode”,Chemosphere,39, 2375 (1999).
Lu, M. C. and Chen, J. N., “Pretreatment of Pesticide Wastewater by Photocatalytic Oxidation”,Wat. Sci. Tech.,36, 117 (1997).
Park, D. R., Ahn, B. X., Park, H. S., Yamashita, H. and Anpo, M., “Photocatalytic Oxidation of Ethylene to CO2 and H2O on Ultrafine Powdered TiO2 Photocatalysts: Effect of the Presence of O2 and H2O and the Addition of Pt”,Korean J. Chem. Eng.,18, 930 (2001).
Rajeshwar, K., Ibanex, J. G. and Swain, G. M., “Electrochemistry and the Environment”,J. Appl. Electmchem.,24, 1077 (1994).
Ross, N. C., Spackman, R. A., Hitchman, M. L. and White, P. C., “An Investigation of the Electrochemical Reduction of Pentachlorophenol with Analysis by HPLC”,J. Appl. Electmchem.,27, 51 (1997).
Verschueren, K., “Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals”, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York (1977).
Wu, Z. C. and Zhou, M. H., “Partial Degradation of Phenol by Advanced Electrochemical Oxidation Process”,Environ. Sci. Technol,35, 2698 (2001).
Zhou, M. H., Wu, Z. C., Zhu, X., Ye, Q. and Fu, J., “p-Nitrophenol Degradation by Homogeneous Photochemical Oxidation Combined with Electrocatalysis”,Chinese J. of Catalysis,23, in press (2002).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wu, Z., Cong, Y., Zhou, M. et al. Removal of phenolic compounds by electroassisted advanced process for wastewater purification. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 19, 866–870 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706981
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02706981