Abstract
Using a microscopic variational approach we examine the structure and the excitation spectrum of layered4He liquids absorbed to alkali metal and graphite substrates. We find that the alkali metal substrates produce a less pronounced layering structure than the shorter-range graphite/solid helium potential. For the excitations, three features are in common to the substrates: First, for coverages of a monolayer or more, a surface mode is present. Second, a bulk mode which gains strength as the coverage is increased, is identifiable for films with sufficiently high coverage. Finally, a two-dimensional mode that propagates within the first layer is observed for the more attractive substrates. We also present results that we obtain by using the nonlocal density functional theory. We document the reliability and shortcomings of this approach by making a detailed comparison of experimental, Monte Carlo, and variational theory results for the structure, energetics, and excitations. We also give a brief discussion on the wetting properties of helium on alkali metal and graphite/solid helium substrates.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
M. J. McKenna, T. B. Brosius, and J. D. Maynard,Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 3346 (1992).
B. E. Clements, E. Krotscheck, and H. J. Lauter,Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1287 (1993).
H. J. Lauter, H. Godfrin, V. L. P. Frank, and P. Leiderer, inExcitations in Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Quantum Fluids, Vol. 257 of NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series B: Physics, A. F. G. Wyatt and H. J. Lauter, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1991), p. 419.
H. J. Lauter, H. Godfrin, V. L. P. Frank, and P. Leiderer,Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2484 (1992).
D. S. Greywall and P. A. Busch,Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3535 (1991).
P. A. Crowell and J. D. Reppy,Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3291 (1993).
B. E. Clements, J. L. Epstein, E. Krotscheck, and M. Saarela,Phys. Rev. B 48, 7450 (1993).
E. Krotscheck and C. J. Tymczak,Phys. Rev. B 45, 217 (1992).
B. E. Clements, E. Krotscheck, H. J. Lauter, and M. Saarela, inCondensed Matter Theories, J. W. Clark, A. Sadiq, and K. A. Shoaib, eds. (Nova Science Publishers, Commack, NY, 1994), Vol. 9.
N. Pavloff and J. Treiner,J. Low Temp. Phys. 83, 331 (1991).
J. Dupont-Roc, M. Himbert, N. Pavloff, and J. Treiner,J. Low Temp. Phys. 81, 31 (1990).
G. Baym and L. P. Kadanoff,Phys. Rev. 124, 287 (1961).
A. D. Jackson, A. Lande, and R. A. Smith,Phys. Rep. 86, 55 (1982).
A. D. Jackson, A. Lande, and R. A. Smith,Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1469 (1985), and references therein.
E. Krotscheck, Q.-X. Qian, and W. Kohn,Phys. Rev. B 31, 4245 (1985).
E. Krotscheck and M. Saarela,Phys. Rep. 232, 1 (1993).
E. Krotscheck,Phys. Rev. B 31, 4258 (1985).
C. Ji and M. Wortis,Phys. Rev. B 34, 7704 (1986).
P. Leiderer,J. Low Temp. Phys. 87, 247 (1992).
S. A. Chin and E. Krotscheck,Phys. Rev. B 45, 852 (1992).
E. Cheng, M. W. Cole, W. F. Saam, and J. Treiner,Phys. Rev. B 46, 13967 (1992).
R. de Bruyn Ouboter and C. N. Yang,Physica 144B, 127 (1986).
M. H. Kalos, M. A. Lee, P. A. Whitlock, and G. Chester,Phys. Rev. B 24, 115 (1981).
P. A. Whitlock, G. V. Chester, and M. H. Kalos,Phys. Rev. B 38, 2418 (1988).
S. Stringari and J. Treiner,J. Chem. Phys. 87, 5021 (1987).
C. C. Chang and C. E. Campbell,Phys. Rev. B 13, 3779 (1976).
M. Saarela,Phys. Rev. B 33, 4596 (1986).
M. Saarela and J. Suominen, inCondensed Matter Theories, J. S. Arponen, R. F. Bishop, and M. Manninen, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1988), Vol. 3, p. 157.
E. C. Svensson, V. F. Sears, A. D. B. Woods, and P. Martel,Phys. Rev. B 21, 3638 (1980).
H. N. Robkoff and R. B. Hallock,Phys. Rev. B 24, 159 (1981).
M. W. Cole, D. R. Frankl, and D. L. Goodstein,Rev. Mod. Phys. 53, 199 (1981).
K. S. Ketola, S. Wang, and R. B. Hallock,Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 201 (1992).
P. J. Nacher and J. Dupont-Roc,Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 2966 (1991).
J. Rutlege and P. Taborek,Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2184 (1992).
E. Krotscheck,Phys. Rev. B 32, 5713 (1985).
J. L. Epstein and E. Krotscheck,Phys. Rev. B 37, 1666 (1988).
E. Cheng, M. Cole, W. Saam, and J. Treiner,Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 1007 (1991).
C. Carraro and M. W. Cole,Phys. Rev. B 46, 10947 (1992).
B. E. Clements, E. Krotscheck, and M. Saarela,Z. Physik (1994), in press.
M. A. Lee, K. E. Schmidt, M. H. Kalos, and G. V. Chester,Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 728 (1981).
S. A. Chin,Phys. Rev. A 42, 6991 (1990).
B. E. Clementset al., J. Low Temp. Phys. 89, 585 (1992).
B. E. Clementset al.,Phys. Rev. B (1994), (to be published).
B. E. Clementset al., inXX International Conference on Low Temperature Physics, Conference Handbook, R. J. Donelly, ed. (University of Oregon, Oregon, 1993), pp. Abstract J5–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Clements, B.E., Forbert, H., Krotscheck, E. et al. 4He on weakly attractive substrates: Structure, stability, and wetting behavior. J Low Temp Phys 95, 849–881 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00754718
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00754718