Conclusions
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1.
The defect "bright ring" in fracture is not due to incomplete fusion, as has been commonly assumed.
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2.
The defect "bright ring" originates at places where there are carbide bands in high speed steel near the welding seam.
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3.
Carbide bands form in consequence of overheating of high speed steel in friction welding.
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4.
To eliminate the defect "bright ring," the heating temperature has to be reduced in welding.
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Literature cited
A. N. Popandopulo and G. D. Tkachevskaya, "Structure of the metal of "bright rings" of incomplete fusion in friction welding of high speed steels," Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Met., No. 2, 64–65 (1977).
L. D. Moshkevich, "Regularities of the formation of eutectic carbides in high speed steels," Stal', No. 10 (1983).
Additional information
Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 3, pp. 31–32, March, 1989.
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Tanicheva, O.N., Orlova, N.E. & Kyun, L.A. Nature of the defect "Bright ring" forming in friction welding of tool steel. Met Sci Heat Treat 31, 200–202 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00715827
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00715827