Abstract
The effect of alkali metal cations in molten chloride baths on the behaviour of Ti(III) in these melts has been studied. With caesium chloride the percentage of total dissolved titanium present as Ti(II) after 72 hours at 700° C is 0.1%, whereas in lithium chloride it is 2%. In the presence of excess titanium metal the proportion of Ti(II) is always much higher. In LiCl it depends strongly on the area of titanium exposed and may reach 85%. In CsCl, on the other hand, this factor has no effect since a fine dispersion of powdery titanium appears at the very beginning of the reaction. The amount of Ti(II) remains close to 50%. In all the baths studied, the electrochemical reduction of Ti(III) at 700° C occurs in two steps: Ti(III) + e → Ti(II)E 1/2 = − 1.6V versus Cl−/Cl2 Ti(II) + 2e → Ti(O)E 1/2=−2.1V versus Cl−/Cl2. These results are different from those previously obtained in CsCl-LiCl (40–60 mol%) at 400° C, where reduction is a one-step process.
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Chassaing, E., Basile, F. & Lorthioir, G. Study of Ti(III) solutions in various molten alkali chlorides. I. Chemical and electrochemical investigation. J Appl Electrochem 11, 187–191 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00610979
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00610979