Summary
Data on chlorophyll mutation frequency after treatment with EMS, DES and gamma-rays and sequential administration of gamma-rays and the two alkylating agents in three varieties of rice have been used to work out quantitatively the effectiveness and efficiency of each mutagen and combination treatment. For effectiveness, the order is EMS > DES and for efficiency it is EMS > DES > gamma-rays. In some sequential treatments (Gamma-rays + DES in ‘IR8’ and ‘Basmati’; DES + gamma-rays in ‘IR8’ and ‘Jhona’; Gamma-rays + EMS in ‘IR8’ and ‘Basmati’; and EMS + gamma-rays in ‘IR8’, ‘Jhona’ and ‘Basmati’) mutation frequency is more than additive (synergistic) but these treatments are decisively less efficient because of their relatively high injurious effects in the M1. generation. EMS induces more albinas than gamma-rays do. The mutational spectrum patterns induced by gamma-rays and DES are alike. In general, combination treatments tend to increase the frequency of albinas over other types of chlorophyll mutants.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Literature
Bekendam, J.: X-ray induced mutations in rice. In: Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Seeds, pp. 609–629. Vienna: IAEA 1961
Doll, H.; Sandfaer, J.: Mutagenic effect of gammarays, diethyl sulphate, ethyl methanesulphonate and various combination of gamma-rays and the chemicals. In: Induced Mutations in Plants, pp. 195–206. Vienna: IAEA 1969
Gaul, H.: Studies on diplontic selection after X-irradiation of barley seeds. In: Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Seeds, pp. 117–138. Vienna: IAEA 1961
Gaul, H.: Mutations in plant breeding. Rad. Bot. 4, 155–232 (1964)
Gustafsson, A.: The mutation spectrum of the chlorophyll apparatus. Lunds Univ. Arsskr N.F. Avd. 2, 1–40 (1940)
Kawai, T.: Relative effectiveness of physical and chemical mutagens. In: Induced Mutations in Plants, pp. 137–152. Vienna: IAEA 1969
Konzak, C.F.; Nilan, R.A.; Wagner, J.; Foster, R.J.: Efficient chemical mutagensis. In: The Use of Induced Mutations in Plant Breeding, pp. 49–70, Pergamon Press 1965
Mackey, J.: The biological action of mustards on dormant seeds of barley and wheat. Acta Agric. Scand. 4, 419 (1954)
Mikaelsen, K.; Karunakaran, K.; Kiss, I.S.: Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gammarays, fast neutrons and ethyl methanesulphonate in rice. In: Rice Breeding with Induced Mutations III, pp. 91–96. Vienna: IAEA 1971
Nilan, R.A.: Nature of induced mutations in higher plants. In: Induced Mutations and Their Utilization. Proc. Symp. Erwin-Baur. Gedächtnis Vorlesungen IV. Gatersleben, 1966, pp. 5–18. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1967
Osone, K.; Mikaelsen, K.: Studies on the embryo development and changes in sensitivity to gamma radiations and alkylating agents (MMS and EMS) in rice seeds during soaking in water. In: Rice Breeding with Induced Mutations III, pp. 103–116. Vienna: IAEA 1971
Rao, N.S.; Gopal Ayengar, A.R.: Combined effects on thermal neutrons and diethyl sulphate on mutation frequency and spectrum in rice. In: Proc. Symp. on Biological Effects of Neutron and Proton Irradiation, pp. 383–391. New York: Upton 1964
Sharma, R.P.: Increased mutation frequency and wider mutation spectrum, in barley induced by combining gamma-rays with ethyl methanesulphonate. Indian J. Genet. 30, 180–186 (1970)
Siddiq, E.A.; Swaminathan, M.S.: Induced mutations in relation to the breeding and phylogenetic differentiation of Oryza sativa. In: Rice Breeding with Induced Mutations, pp. 25–51. Vienna: IAEA 1968
Valeva, S.A.: Effect of combined treatments of mutagens (In Russian, Abst.). Symp. on Exptl. Mutagenesis in Animals, Plants and Microorganisms Moscow 2, 46 (1965)
Yamaguchi, H.: Genetic variation in grain types of rice after gamma irradiation. Jap. J. Breeding 12, 93–100 (1962)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by B.R. Murty
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaul, M.L.H., Bhan, A.K. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of EMS, DES and gamma-rays in rice. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 50, 241–246 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00273758
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00273758