Abstract
Public relations (PR) in Ukraine is understood widely as a form of propaganda. As a part of the tsarist Russian empire in the 19th century and then of the Soviet Union for more than seven decades of the 20th century, the nation has been exposed to a variety of propaganda. After independence in 1991, many entering PR employment came from propaganda and journalistic backgrounds which led to PR being performed as one-way publicity. There was also emphasis on political communication as parties formed and democratic processes evolved. Since then, indicators of increasing professionalization such as professional bodies and education and training have evolved. As well, international PR agencies have entered the market in support of international brands. Transparency of relations between PR practitioners, media operators and journalist has been problematic.
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Grynko, A., Tsetsura, K. (2014). Ukraine. In: Watson, T. (eds) Eastern European Perspectives on the Development of Public Relations: Other Voices. National Perspectives on the Development of Public Relations. Palgrave Pivot, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137404268_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137404268_10
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