Abstract
All-inorganic perovskites are emerging as excellent photovoltaic candidates for single-junction or tandem solar cells. However, large energy loss due to non-radiative recombination is the main constraint for performance enhancement. Accordingly, we developed a surface in situ reconstruction (SISR) strategy for inorganic perovskite by CsF treatment, which can suppress non-radiative recombination and promote hole extraction simultaneously. Surface defects can be effectively passivated by the introduced fluorine, and carrier lifetime was prolonged from 11.5 ns to 737.2 ns. In addition, a wider-bandgap perovskite layer can be generated as a graded heterojunction to facilitate hole extraction. The SISR reaction mechanism was also verified from both kinetic calculations and experiments. As a result, CsPbIxBr3−x solar cell with SISR achieved an efficiency of 21.02% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.27 V and fill factor of 85.3%. This work provides an effective approach to modulate inorganic perovskite surfaces for the design of efficient solar cells.
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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in the published article and its Supplementary Information. Additional data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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25 July 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01337-1
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 61925405, 62204104, 61922077 and 11874347) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2020YFB1506400). H.-X.D. was also supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant number Y2021042). We thank Z. Wei for helping with KPFM measurements, Y. Li from Soochow University for helping with TAS measurements, L. Meng from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences for helping with CELIV measurement and we also thank C. Yi from Tsinghua University for helping with TPC characterization.
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J.Y. directed and supervised the project. X.C. and J.Y. conceived the idea and designed the experiment. X.C. performed and was involved in all the experimental parts. Q.Y. and Z.W. contributed to part of the device fabrication and characterization. F.M., Z.Q., Y.Z., Z.Y. and X.Z. were involved in data analysis. C.Z. and H.-X.D. conducted theoretical calculations. X.C. and J.Y. co-wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to discussions and finalization of the manuscript.
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Chu, X., Ye, Q., Wang, Z. et al. Surface in situ reconstruction of inorganic perovskite films enabling long carrier lifetimes and solar cells with 21% efficiency. Nat Energy 8, 372–380 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01220-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-023-01220-z
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