Abstract
The crystallization behavior of mold fluxes containing 0–8 mass% TiO2 was investigated using the single hot thermocouple technique (SHTT) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study the possible effects on the coordination of heat transfer control and strand lubrication for casting crack-sensitive peritectic steels. Time-temperature-transformation (TTT) and continuous-cooling-transformation (CCT) curves were plotted using the data obtained from SHTT to characterize the crystallization of the mold fluxes. The results showed that crystallization of the mold fluxes during isothermal and non-isothermal processes was suppressed with TiO2 addition. From the TTT curves, it could be seen that the incubation and growth time of crystallization increased significantly with TiO2 addition. The CCT curves showed that the crystallization temperature initially decreased, and then suddenly increased with increasing the TiO2 content. XRD analysis suggested the presence of cuspidine in the mold fluxes with lower TiO2 content (< 4 mass%), while both perovskite and cuspidine were detected in the mold fluxes when the TiO2 content was increased to 8 mass%. In addition, the growth mechanisms of the crystals changed during the isothermal crystallization process from interface-controlled growth to diffusion-controlled growth with increasing the TiO2 content.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
K. Watanabe, M. Suzuki, K. Murakami, H. Kondo, A. Miyamoto, T. Shiomi, Tetsu-to-Hagané 83 (1997) 115–120.
A. Arefpour, L. Shams Soolari, A. Monshi, J. Adv. Ceramics 1 (2014) 43–48.
T. Watanabe, H. Hashimoto, M. Hayashi, K. Nagata, ISIJ Int. 48 (2008) 925–933.
M. D. Seo, C. B. Shi, J. W. Cho, S. H. Kim, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 45 (2014) 1874–1886.
Y. Kashiwaya, C. E. Cicutti, A. W. Cramb, K. Ishii, ISIJ Int. 38 (1998) 348–356.
Y. Kashiwaya, C. E. Cicutti, A. W. Cramb, ISIJ Int. 38 (1998) 357–365.
J. Li, W. Wang, J. Wei, D. Huang, H. Matsuura, ISIJ Int. 52 (2012) 2220–2225.
L. Zhou, W. Wang, F. Ma, J. Li, J. Wei, H. Matsuura, F. Tsukihashi, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 43 (2012) 354–362.
N. H. Wang, Study on Effect of Transition Metal Oxides on Heat Transfer Through Mold Fluxes Film in Continuous Casting, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, 2006.
L. H. Xue, Y. Jin, Chin. J. Light Scat. 11 (1999) 269–273.
J. Diao, B. Xie, J. Xiao, C. Q. Ji, ISIJ Int. 49 (2009) 1710–1714.
M. Avrami, J. Chem. Phys. 7 (1939) 1103–1112.
M. Avrami, J. Chem. Phys. 8 (1940) 212–224.
M. Avrami, J. Chem. Phys. 9 (1941) 177–184.
Y. Ren, Facieology and Mineragraphy for Ferrous Metallurgy, Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, 1982.
J. A. Bothma, P. C. Pistorius, Ironmak. Steelmak. 34 (2007) 513–520.
Z. Wang, Q. Shu, K. Chou, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 44 (2013) 606–613.
G. Ruitenberg, E. Woldt, A. K. Petford-Long, Thermochim. Acta 378 (2001) 97–105.
J. W. Christian, The Theory of Transformations in Metals and Alloys (Part I), Pergamon Press, Oxford, 2002.
D. A. Porter, K. E. Easterling, Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys, 2nd ed., CRC Press, London, 1992.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lei, Y., Xie, B. & Ma, Wh. Analysis of crystallization behavior of mold fluxes containing TiO2 using single hot thermocouple technique. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 23, 322–328 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(16)30052-8
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(16)30052-8