Abstract
The multi-component characteristics of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) endow them with excellent performance that many traditional alloys cannot match. However, there are still some limitations in the preparation of HEAs using traditional methods. Selective laser melting (SLM) technology can achieve the precision formation of complex components through layer-by-layer deposition. It has been found that the performance advantages of HEAs can be fully utilized by combining SLM technology with HEAs. The microstructures and properties of SLM-prepared HEAs are reviewed in this study. It has been observed that due to the high-temperature gradients and high cooling rates of SLM processes, complex microstructures are usually formed in SLM-prepared HEAs, including cellular substructures, precipitates, stacking faults, and nanotwins. This study also determines that those unique microstructures bring excellent mechanical and functional properties to HEAs, indicating that the preparation of HEAs using SLM technology has major development potential. In addition, this study briefly introduces the microstructural defects and potential applications of SLM-prepared HEAs. The results obtained in this investigation provide useful guidance for the future designs of high-performance HEAs.
摘要
高熵合金的多组分特性使其具有许多传统合金无法比拟的优异性能. 然而, 高熵合金传统的制备方法仍存在一定的局限性. 激光选区熔化(SLM)技术可以通过逐层沉积的方式实现复杂零件的精密成形. 将SLM技术与高熵合金相结合, 可以充分发挥高熵合金的性能优势. 本文综述了SLM制备的高熵合金的显微结构和性能特征. 由于SLM工艺存在高温梯度和高冷却速率, 所以在SLM制备的高熵合金中通常会形成复杂的微观结构, 包括胞状亚结构、 析出相、 层错和纳米孪晶. 此外, 独特的微观结构为高熵合金带来了优异的力学性能和其他功能, 表明利用SLM技术制备高熵合金具有很大的发展潜力. 此外, 我们还简要介绍了SLM制备的高熵合金的微观缺陷及其应用. 本文为高性能高熵合金的设计提供了有益的指导.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019B1515120020), the Creative Research Groups of China (51921001), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52273280).
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Author contributions Song X prepared the manuscript under the direction of Zhang Y. Zhang Y revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to the general discussion.
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Xinfang Song is a PhD student under Prof. Zhang’s supervision at the State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science & Technology Beijing (USTB). Her interest focuses on the preparation of high-entropy alloys with high strength and toughness using selective laser melting.
Yong Zhang has been a full professor of the USTB & State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials since 2004. He attained his Bachelor degree at Yanshan University in 1991, majored in materials science. He obtained his Master degree majored in nuclear materials in 1993, and PhD degree in composite materials in 1998 at the USTB. Then he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Singapore-Massachusettes Institute of Technology (MIT) Alliance (SMA). His research interest focuses on the study of excellent mechanical and functional properties of high-entropy materials.
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Song, X., Zhang, Y. Progress of high-entropy alloys prepared using selective laser melting. Sci. China Mater. 66, 4165–4181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2578-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2578-5