Abstract
With the increasingly serious electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution, the development of high-performance EMW absorbing materials (EWAMs) has become a hot topic. Carbon-based EWAMs have excellent chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, and strong dielectric loss. In particular, three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon-based EWAMs have been widely developed in the EMW absorption field. The 3D porous structure not only reduces the materials’ mass density, but also improves the multiple reflections of incident EMWs and impedance matching. The carbon-based EWAMs are thus expected to achieve the goals of low density, low thickness, wide absorption bandwidth, and strong absorption. Herein, we first restated the relevant theoretical basis and evaluation methods. Then, we summarized the recent research progress of 3D porous carbon-based EWAMs with the source of the materials as the main clue. Some unique and novel viewpoints were highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects of 3D porous carbon-based EWAMs were put forward, which is helpful for guiding a further development of high-performance EWAMs.
摘要
随着电磁波(EMW)污染的日益严重, 开发高性能电磁波吸收材料(EWAMs)已成为研究热点. 碳基EWAMs具有优异的物理、化学稳定性和高导电性带来的强介电损耗. 特别是三维(3D)多孔碳基EWAMs在EMW吸收研究领域长盛不衰. 3D多孔结构大大降低了材料的密度, 有利于EMW的多次反射和散射, 优化了阻抗匹配, 因此有望实现“低密度、薄厚度、宽吸收带宽、强吸收”的目标. 在此, 我们首先阐明了相关的理论基础和评价方法. 之后, 我们以材料来源为主线索, 总结了3D多孔碳基EWAMs的最新研究进展, 并突出了其中一些独特而新颖的观点. 最后, 提出了3D多孔碳基EWAMs的挑战和前景, 这将有助于高性能EWAMs的进一步发展.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFB3502500), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (2022HYYQ-014 and ZR2016BM16), the Provincial Key Research and Development Program of Shandong (2019JZZY010312), the New 20 Funded Programs for University of Jinan (2021GXRC036), Shenzhen Municipal Special Fund for Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development (China 2021Szvup071), the Joint Laboratory Project of Electromagnetic Structure Technology (637-2022-70-F-037), and Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University (31370082163127).
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Liu J and Zeng Z proposed the topic and outline of the manuscript; Han M collected the related information and drafted the manuscript; Liu J, Zeng Z, Yang Y, and Liu W gave some valuable comments and polished the manuscript.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Mingrui Han received his master’s degree from Shanghai University in 2021. Now he works at Shandong University. His current research interest focuses on electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
Zhihui Zeng received his PhD degree in materials science and engineering from the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China in 2016. Following his work as a postdoctoral research fellow at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), he currently works at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include the design, fabrication and application of polymer-based nanocomposites, nanostructured assemblies, and cellular materials.
Jiurong Liu obtained his PhD degree from Osaka University in 2004. Then, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at UCLA until 2008, before beginning his career as a full professor in materials science at Shandong University. His research interests are the synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials for energy storage and their electromagnetic applications.
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Han, M., Yang, Y., Liu, W. et al. Recent advance in three-dimensional porous carbon materials for electromagnetic wave absorption. Sci. China Mater. 65, 2911–2935 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2153-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2153-7