Abstract
With a growing concern on climate change, hydrogen has attracted great attention as an alternative energy fuel. The hydrogen economy allows us to accomplish a high level of energy security and realize zero emission. To successfully establish the hydrogen economy, the development of sustainable hydrogen production, storage and fuel cell technologies is important; among them, safe and stable hydrogen storage remains more challenging. In this review, we briefly introduce solid-state hydrogen storage materials, focusing on metal hydrides and hydrogen sorption mechanism with emphasis on the related thermodynamic and kinetic obstacles. To overcome such limits, nanoconfinement is regarded as a representative strategy since it can modify hydrogen sorption kinetics and thermodynamics of metal hydrides. We present a nanoconfinement effect of metal hydrides on hydrogen sorption properties, spotlighting carbon scaffolds for confinement. With a rational design of the composite based on metal hydrides and carbon scaffolds, a potential application of solid-state hydrogen storage will be a stepping-stone on the path to a hydrogen economy.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the International Energy Joint R&D Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (No. 20188520000570).
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Eun Seon Cho is an Assistant Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST). She obtained B.S. and M.S. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Seoul National University and received her Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering in 2013 from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She worked as a postdoctoral research fellow at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab from 2013 to 2017. Her works in the area of hydrogen storage focus on the development of nanostructured metal hydrides to enhance the hydrogen release and absorption properties. Her major research interests include the design and synthesis of functional hybrid nanomaterials with organic and inorganic building blocks for energy and environmental applications.
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Han, D.J., Bang, K.R., Cho, H. et al. Effect of carbon nanoscaffolds on hydrogen storage performance of magnesium hydride. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 37, 1306–1316 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0630-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-020-0630-2