Abstract
A novel horizontal trap-door test system was devised in this study to analyze the face stability of shield tunnels in sands. The test system can be used to investigate both the longitudinal and cross sections of the face failure simultaneously at one single apparatus and was employed to perform face stability tests on small-scaled tunnel models at single gravity. The lateral support pressures and failure zones were studied with varying sand materials and earth covers. The results demonstrate that the tunnel face moves back, the lateral active earth pressure on the tunnel face decreases rapidly to a residual value, and the lateral pressure distribution can be categorized into three stages during the failure process: 1) initial state; 2) pressure dissipation stage; and 3) pressure zone diminution stage. Furthermore, face failure firstly develops from a stable condition to the local failure state, and then continues to develop to the global failure state that can be divided into two sub-zones with different failure mechanisms: rotational failure zone (lower zone) and gravitational failure zone (upper zone). Further discussion shows that under the effects of soil arching, the shape of the gravitational failure zone can adopt arch shaped (most frequent) and column shaped (in shallow tunnels). Limit support pressure for face stability usually appears at δ/D=0.2%–0.5% (ratio of face displacement to tunnel diameter).
摘要
本文设计了一种新型的水平活板门试验装置。该试验装置可以用于砂土地层盾构隧道开挖面稳定性分析。该试验系统可以同时研究工作面破坏的纵断面和横截面。本文使用该装置在单重力条件下对小型模型隧道进行了开挖面稳定性试验, 研究了不同砂土材料和覆土厚度条件下的侧向土压力和破坏区域。结果表明, 随着开挖面的向后移动, 开挖面上的主动土压力迅速下降至残余值。同时在破坏过程中, 侧向土压力分布可分为三个阶段: 1)初始状态阶段; 2)压力减小阶段; 3)压力区减小阶段。此外, 开挖面破坏首先从稳定状态发展到局部破坏状态, 然后继续发展到整体破坏状态。整体破坏状态的失稳区域可分为旋转破坏区(下部区域)和重力破坏区域(上部区域)。这两个区域具有不同破坏机制。进一步讨论表明, 在土拱效应下, 重力破坏区的形状可分为拱形(最常见)和柱形(浅埋隧道)。开挖面稳定的极限支护压力一般出现在δ/D=0.2%~0.5%(掌子面位移与洞径之比)。
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Project(51678037) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(2015CB057802) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China; Project(BLX2015-20) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China
Contributors
The research goals were developed by LIU Xue-yan, FANG Hong-yuan, WANG Fu-ming, and YUAN Da-jun. LIU Xue-yan provided the test data and analyzed the measured data. The initial draft of the manuscript was written by LIU Xue-yan and FANG Hong-yuan. All authors replied to reviewers’ comments and revised the final version.
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LIU Xue-yan, FANG Hong-yuan, WANG Fu-ming, and YUAN Da-jun declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Liu, Xy., Fang, Hy., Wang, Fm. et al. Horizontal trap-door investigation on face failure zone of shield tunneling in sands. J. Cent. South Univ. 28, 866–881 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4632-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4632-y