Abstract
High-density titanium alloys with different grains were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 900 °C and 15 MPa using spherical powder generated by the plasma rotating electrode process (PREP) and nonspherical powders generated by hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) and molten salt electrolysis (MSE) as raw materials. Studies have shown that the PREP sample is a dense lamellar α structure and that the sample is clean. The microstructure of the HDH sample is composed of equiaxed a and lamellar α structures, and there are many flaws on the surface of the sample. The MSE samples are composed of α lamellar and coarse equiaxed crystals. The integral grain size is bulky, there are many irregular pores in the samples, and the samples are not clean. Of the three samples, the HDH sample has the largest compressive strength (526.85 MPa) and hardness (HV 293.1) but poor plasticity (compression strain is 26.61%); the compressive strengths of the PREP and MSE samples are 268.47 and 251.23 MPa, the compressive strains are 45.08% and 17.44%, and the microhardness values are HV138.6 and HV203.4, respectively.
摘要
以旋转电极(PREP)球形粉末和氢化脱氢(HDH)及熔盐电解(MSE)非球形粉末为原料, 采用放电等离子烧结技术在 900 °C 和15 MPa 下制备不同晶粒高致密钛合金. 研究表明, PREP 样品为致密的片层 α 组织, 样品干洁度较高; HDH 样品显微组织由等轴 α 和片层 α 组织组成, 样品表面有较多的裂纹存在; MES 样品由 α 片层和粗大等轴晶组成, 晶粒整体较为粗大, 样品中存在较多不规则孔隙, 干洁度较差. HDH 样品压缩强度最大(526.85 MPa), 硬度最高(HV 293.1), 但塑性较差(压缩应变为 26.61%); PREP 及 MSE 样品压缩强度分别为 268.47 MPa 和 251.23 MPa, 压缩应变分别为 45.08% 和 17.44%, 显微硬度分别为 HV 138.6、HV 203.4.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
UESUGI T, MYAMAE S, TAKIGAWA Y, HIGASHI K. Alloying effects of transition metals on beta phase stability of Ti alloys from first-principles calculations [C]//Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119296126.ch321.
WANG Hai-feng, PENG Shu-ming, ZHOU Xiao-song, CHENG Gui-jun, WANG Wei-du, LONG Xing-gui, YANG Ben-fu. Primarily study on thermodesorption from titanium tritide films [J]. Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2008, 42(1): 49–52. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-YZJS200801010.Htm. (in Chinese)
BUSQUÉ, RAQUEL, TORRES R, GRAU J, RODA V, HUSAR A. Mathematical modeling, numerical simulation and experimental comparison of the desorption process in a metal hydride hydrogen storage system [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018, 43(35): 16929–16940. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.172.
SHEN Hua-hai, PENG Shu-ming, LONG Xing-gui, XIANG Xia, ZHOU Xiao-song, YANG Li, ZU Xiao-tao. Microstructure changes of erbium and erbium deuteride films induced by helium implantation [J]. Materials Letters, 2012, 80(8): 17–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.084.
FLANAGAN T B, WANG D, LUO S. Thermodynamics of hydrogen absorption (desorption) in unoxidized and internally oxidized Pd—Ti alloys [J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 701(4): 981–992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.290.
ZAREBSKI K, PUTYRA P. Iron powder-based graded products sintered by conventional method and by SPS [J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2015, 26(2): 401–408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2014.11.010.
PARASKEVAS D, VANMEENSEL K, VLEUGELS J, DEWULF W, DUFLOU J R. The use of spark plasma sintering to fabricate a two-phase material from blended aluminum alloy scrap and gas atomized powder [J]. Procedia CIRP, 2015, 26: 455–460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.07.074.
ZHAO Kun, LIU Yong, HUANG Lan, LIU Bin, HE Yue-hui. Diffusion bonding of Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy by spark plasma sintering [J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016, 230(4): 272–279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.11.030.
LI An, LIU Shi-feng, WANG Bo-jian, ZHANG Zhao-hui, LIU Quan-ming. Developmental states of porous metal materials prepared by spark plasma sintering [J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2017, 35(5): 378–383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19591/j.cnki.cn11-1974/tf.2017.05.010.
LIU Li-meng, HOU Zhao-ping, ZHANG Bao-you, YE Feng, ZHANG Zhi-guo, ZHOU Yu. A new heating route of spark plasma sintering and its effect on alumina ceramic densification [J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2013, 559(3): 462–466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.126.
MONNIER J, CHAMPION Y, PERRIÈRE L, VILLEROY B, GODART C. Spark plasma sintering and hydrogen pre-annealing of copper nanopowder [J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2015, 621(5): 61–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.10.040.
MARDER R, ESTOURNÈS C, CHEVALLIER G, CHAIM R. Plasma in spark plasma sintering of ceramic particle compacts [J]. Scripta Materialia, 2014, 82(7): 57–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.03.023.
PANG Hong-chao, LUO Shu-zhong, LONG Xing-gui, AN Zhu, LIU Ning, DUAN Yan-min, WU Xing-chun, YANG Ben-fu, WANG Pei-lu, ZHENG Si-xiao. Effects of substrate temperature on helium content and microstructure of nunnery stalling titanium films [J]. Chinese Physics Letters, 2006, 23(12): 3238–3241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/23/12/032.
HUO Dong-xing, LIANG Jing-long, LI Hui, XIE Shan-shan. Research progress on preparation of titanium metal [J]. Foundry Technology, 2017, 38(1): 4–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16410/j.issn1000-8365.2017.01.002.
OH J M, ROH K M, LEE B K, SUH C Y, KIM W, KWON H, LIM J W. Preparation of low oxygen content alloy powder from Ti binary alloy scrap by hydrogenation—dehydrogenation and deoxidation process [J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2014, 593(4): 61–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.01.033.
LIU Song-li. A study of preparation of titanium metal by the electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide in molten salt [J]. Procedia Earth & Planetary Science, 2011, 2(1): 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2011.09.001.
SHEN Lei, CHEN Gang, ZHAO Shao-yang, YIN Jing-ou, TAN Pin, LI Zeng-feng, TANG Hui-ping, ZHOU Quan. Properties and microstructures of spherical NiTi powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode process [J]. Materials Science & Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2017, 22(4): 539–545. http://www.en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-FMGC201704013.htm.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: Projects(51671152, 51304153, 51504191, 51874225) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(14JK512) supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Educational Committee, China; Project(18JC019) supported by Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Industrialization Project, China; Project(14JK1512) supported by Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Natural Science Special Project, China
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, X., Shi, Mj., Liu, Sf. et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of three kinds of titanium alloys by SPS. J. Cent. South Univ. 27, 10–17 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-020-4273-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-020-4273-6