Abstract
Giant magnetoimpedance (GMI)-based devices offer potential as next-generation low-cost, flexible, ultrasensitive sensors. They can be used in applications that include current sensors, field sensors, stress sensors, and others. Challenging applications involve operation at high temperatures, and therefore studies of GMI temperature dependence and performance of soft magnetic materials are needed. We present a high-temperature GMI study on an amorphous soft magnetic microwire from room temperature to 560°C. The GMI ratio was observed to be nearly constant at ∼86% at low temperatures and to decrease rapidly at ∼290°C, finally reaching a near-zero value at 500°C. The rapid drop in GMI ratio at 290°C is associated with a reduction in the long-range ferromagnetic order as measured by the spontaneous magnetization (M) at the Curie temperature (T c). We also correlated the impedance with the magnetic properties of the material. From room temperature to 290°C, the impedance was found to be proportional to the square root of the magnetization to magnetic anisotropy ratio. Lastly, M(T) has been fit using a Handrich–Kobe model, which describes the system with a modified Brillouin function and an asymmetrical distribution of exchange interactions. We infer that the structural fluctuations of the amorphous phase result in a relatively small asymmetry in the fluctuation parameters.
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Acknowledgements
M.E.M. and M.K. acknowledge support from the Army Research Laboratory (Contract No. DEAR-0000219). M.E.M. acknowledges support from the Research for Advanced Manufacturing in Pennsylvania program (Contract No. C000052427). D.W.G. acknowledges support from NETL (Contract No. RES1000025/169). This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
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Kurniawan, M., Roy, R.K., Panda, A.K. et al. Temperature-Dependent Giant Magnetoimpedance Effect in Amorphous Soft Magnets. J. Electron. Mater. 43, 4576–4581 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3469-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3469-7