Abstract
This paper proposed a new structure of highly-dense micro-jet arrays for hybrid jet-impingement/microchannel heat sinks (∼120 jet per cm2 with jet width of 0.35 mm). Parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of structure and flow parameters on the convective heat transfer of water jet cooling in confined space. The simulation results show that the optimal jet width, jet spacing and impingement distance are around 0.2 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively, which can achieve a low thermal resistance as well as a relatively low pressure drop. The analysis of the heat transfer pathways shows that the micro-fin jet structures can extend the impinging heat transfer area and conduct a considerable proportion of heat, which can reach up to 38.9% with the Reynolds number ranging from 797.1 to 5602.2. The heat transfer characteristics in the heat sink will shift from impingement dominated heat transfer to the channel-convection dominated heat transfer as the jet impingement distance increases. A correlation is proposed to predict the average Nusselt number on the stagnation area for the heat sink with different structure parameters, and the deviations of predictions from the numerical results are less than 10%.
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Abbreviations
- c p :
-
specific heat capacity of fluid/J·(kg·K)−1
- D imp :
-
impingement distance/mm
- D p :
-
plate thickness/mm
- k f, k s :
-
the thermal conductivity of fluid and solid/W·(m·K)−1
- L hpt :
-
distance of the jet impact surface to the heating surface/mm
- L jet :
-
jet inlet length/mm
- m in :
-
total inlet flow rate/L·min−1
- Nu 0 :
-
Nusselt number of the stagnation area
- P in :
-
inlet pressure/Pa
- ΔP max :
-
maximum pressure drop from inle to outlet/Pa
- Pr :
-
Prandtl number
- Q pp :
-
pumping power/W
- q′ :
-
heat flux on the heating surface/MW·m−2
- Re :
-
jet inlet Reynolds number
- T in :
-
inlet temperature/K
- T max/min/ave :
-
maximum/minimum/average heating surface temperature/K
- T out :
-
average temperature of the outlet/K
- \(\overrightarrow{U}\) :
-
flow velocity/m·s−1
- W jet :
-
jet width/mm
- W js :
-
jet spacing/mm
- W s :
-
sum of jet width and jet spacing/mm
- θ tr :
-
thermal resistance/K·m2·MW−1
- μ :
-
viscosity/Pa·s
- ρ :
-
fluid density/kg·m−3
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Acknowledgements
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52176020), and the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities.
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Zhang, Y., Chen, X., Miao, L. et al. Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Microchannel Heat Sink with Highly-Dense Micro-Jet Arrays. J. Therm. Sci. 33, 1148–1160 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-024-1912-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-024-1912-5