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Mechanical and surface properties of standard writing and printing papers coated with alternating layers of Amazonian Paricá nanofibrils and cassava starch

  • Composites & nanocomposites
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Abstract

Using nanostructured materials issued from renewable resources could be the key to the development of good-quality low-cost products that help reduce pollution. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were obtained by alkaline and bleaching treatments of Amazonian Paricá hardwood sawdust, a waste material from the Brazilian forestry industry. This study evaluated a process consisting in alternating layers of Paricá CNFs and cassava starch to coat standard writing and printing (W&P) papers with a skim-coating method, in which one face of each paper sample is passed over the surface of a suspension containing either CNFs or cassava starch, alternatively. The coated samples were then compared to the uncoated paper in terms of mechanical and surface properties. The mechanical properties of the papers coated with alkaline CNFs showed a declining trend as the number of coating layers increased (from 47 to 31 MPa). The papers coated with starch layers showed improved mechanical performance compared to the samples only coated with alkaline and alkaline bleached CNFs. All the coated samples showed excellent resistance to water degradation. The worst degradation (4%) was observed for the samples coated with a single layer of alkaline CNFs. A significant improvement in surface wettability was observed when gelatinized cassava starch was applied to the paper samples, irrespective of the type of CNFs eventually present on the surface. All in all, these results suggest that using gelatinized cassava starch as an alternating layer between successive CNFs layers on the surface of W&P paper samples may be promising for improving their overall properties.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), CAPES, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazilian Research Network in Lignocellulosic Composites and Nanocomposites (RELIGAR) and Groupe de Physique des Matériaux from Université de Rouen Normandie for welcoming Mário Vanoli Scatolino within the framework of the Erasmus Mundus Program. More particularly, Eric Dontzoff and Marie-Rose Garda are acknowledged for their technical contribution to the experiments performed in Rouen, France (mechanical and wettability tests).

Funding

This work was funded by CAPES, CNPq (finance code 484082/2013–2; 312108/2015–0; 307723/2017–8; 300985/2022–3) and FAPEMIG. The Erasmus Mundus Program from the European Union is acknowledged for Mário Vanoli Scatolino’s mobility abroad.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region- UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil

    Mário Vanoli Scatolino, Rafael Rodolfo de Melo & Edgley Alves de Oliveira Paula

  2. Instrumentation Unit of Brazilian Agriculture Research Corporation – EMBRAPA, POB 741, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Maria Alice Martins

  3. Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Perimetral Av., POB 3037, Lavras, MG, Brazil

    Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli & Lourival Marin Mendes

  4. Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux UMR 6634, 76000, Rouen, France

    Antonella Esposito

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  1. Mário Vanoli Scatolino
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Contributions

M.V. Scatolino was contributed to conceptualization, investigation, writing—original draft. R.R. de Melo and E.A. de O. Paula were contributed to drafting graphs and tables. M.A. Martins and G.H.D. Tonoli were contributed to formal analysis, visualization, writing—review and editing. A. Esposito was contributed to writing—review and editing, validation. L.M. Mendes was contributed to funding acquisition, project administration.

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Correspondence to Mário Vanoli Scatolino.

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Scatolino, M.V., de Melo, R.R., de Oliveira Paula, E.A. et al. Mechanical and surface properties of standard writing and printing papers coated with alternating layers of Amazonian Paricá nanofibrils and cassava starch. J Mater Sci 59, 11362–11380 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09827-7

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