Abstract
The disadvantages of the common thermal error compensation methods were analyzed. Based on the analysis, we report the concept of the comprehensive thermal error (CTE) of the servo axes of CNC machine tool. The total CTE was divided into the thermal expansion error (TEE) in the stroke range and the thermal drift error (TDE) of origin, and their sources and effects on workpieces were analyzed. Furthermore, models for TEE and TDE were established. The model for TEE derived from the heat production, conduction, and convection theory predicted the thermal field of a screw and the thermal errors of servo axes in real time. The model for TDE was established by the multiple linear regression method. The experiments were carried out on a vertical machining center. The simulation and experimental results indicate that a high accuracy stability can be achieved with error compensation, even when the moving state is changed. To visualize the effect of error compensation with naked eyes, a special machining process was designed for a rectangular workpiece. The machining results confirm that the proposed models provide a high accuracy stability and robustness.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Ramesh R, Mannan MA, Poo AN (2000) Error compensation in machine tools—a review Part II: thermal errors. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 40:1257–84
Yang J, Shi H, Feng B, Zhao L, Ma C, Mei XS (2015) Thermal error modeling and compensation for a high-speed motorized spindle. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 77(5-8):1005–17
Yang J, Zhang DS, Mei XS, Zhao L, Ma C, Shi H (2015) Thermal error simulation and compensation in a jig-boring machine equipped with a dual-drive servo feed system. Proc Inst Mech Eng B J Eng Manuf 229(S1):43–63
Ni J (1997) CNC machine accuracy enhancement through real-time error compensation. J Manuf Sci E-T ASME 119:717–25
Yang J (1998) Error synthetic compensation technique and application for NC machine tools. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dissertation
Han ZY, Jin HY, Liu YL, Fu HY (2013) A review of geometric error modeling and error detection for CNC machine tool. Appl Mech Mater 303–306:627–31
Ozkan MT (2013) Experimental and artificial neural network study of heat formation values of drilling and boring operations on Al 7075 T6 workpiece. Indian J Eng Mater S 20:259–68
Yang J, Mei XS, Zhao L (2015) Thermal error compensation on a computer numerical control machine tool considering thermal tilt angles and cutting tool length. Proc Inst Mech Eng, B J Eng Manufacture 229(S1):78–97
Feng WL, Li ZH, Gu QY, Yang JG (2015) Thermally induced positioning error modeling and compensation based on thermal characteristic analysis. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 93:26–36
Fan K, Yang J, Yang L (2013) Orthogonal polynomials-based thermally induced spindle and geometric error modeling and compensation. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 65:1791–800
Wu CW, Tang CH, Chang CF, Shiao YS (2011) Thermal error compensation method for machine center. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 59:681–9
Zhang T, Ye WH, Liang RJ, Lou PH, Yang XL (2013) Temperature variable optimization for precision machine tool thermal error compensation on optimal threshold. Chin J Mech Eng 26:158–65
Pajor M, Zapłata J (2011) Compensation of thermal deformations of the feed screw in a CNC machine tool. Adv Manuf Sci Technol 35:9–17
Zhang Y, Yang JG, Jiang H (2012) Machine tool thermal error modeling and prediction by grey neural network. Int J Adv Manuf Tech 59:1065–72
Horejs O, Mares M, Kohut P, Barta P, Hornych J (2010) Compensation of machine tool thermal errors based on transfer functions. MM Sci J 3:162–5
ISO 230-2:2006 (2006) Test code for machine tools – part 2: determination of accuracy and repeatability of positioning numerically controlled axes. International Standards Organization, Switzerland
Liu BJ (2013) Temperature field and thermal deformation of feed system on gantry machining center. Dissertation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Chen C, Qiu ZR, Li XF, Dong CJ, Zhang CY (2011) Temperature field model of ball screws used in servo systems. Optics and Precision Engineering 19:1151–8
Xiang ST, Yang JG, Zhang Y (2014) Modeling method for spindle thermal error based on mechanism analysis and thermal basic characteristics tests. J MECH ENG SCI 50:144–52
Zhang JZ, Chang HP (2009) Heat transfer. Science Press, Beijing
Holroyd G (2007) The modeling and correction of ball-screw geometric, thermal and load errors on CNC machine tools. Dissertation, The University of Huddersfield
Guo XG, Song XL, Cui YH (2013) Optimization on dynamic and fuel economy of electric vehicles based on Isight. Computer Aided Engineering 22:211–4
Wei W, Qu JY, Wu JY, Yan QD (2011) Research on optimization method for shift schedule of tracked vehicle with hydrodynamic–mechanical transmission. Acta Armamentarii 32:403–7
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, K., Liu, Y., Sun, M. et al. Comprehensive thermal compensation of the servo axes of CNC machine tools. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 85, 2715–2728 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8142-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8142-7