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Einführung in die Genetik

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Molekulare Sport- und Leistungsphysiologie

Zusammenfassung

Die DNA stellt den molekularen Grundbaustein der Erbinformation oder den Bauplan eines Organismus dar. Die Mechanismen zur Weitergabe der genetischen Information liegen im strukturellen und organisatorischen Aufbau der menschlichen DNA begründet. Während die Genetik vor allem den Genotyp betrachtet, ist der Phänotyp die Erscheinungsform nach außen, die normalerweise gut an die jeweiligen Umweltbedingungen angepasst ist. Doch innerhalb einer Population herrscht meist eine enorme genetische Vielfalt, was die unterschiedlichen Phänotypen zwischen den Individuen erklären kann, aber auch Grundlage der Evolution ist. Die Populationsgenetik hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, Veränderungen in Populationen über einen großen Zeitrahmen hinweg zu untersuchen. Epigenetische Mechanismen letztlich bedingen eine Modifikation in der Struktur des Chromatins und stellen so vererbbare Veränderungen der Genfunktion dar, welche nicht durch Veränderungen der DNA-Sequenz erklärt werden können.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sportwissenschaft /Abteilung Sport- und Leistungsphysiologie, Universität Wien, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150, Wien, Österreich

    Barbara Wessner

  2. Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Wien, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150, Wien, Österreich

    Gerda Katschinka

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  1. Barbara Wessner
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Correspondence to Barbara Wessner .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Norbert Bachl

  2. DGSP, Praxis für Kardiologie Sportkardiologie, Remscheid, Germany

    Herbert Löllgen

  3. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Harald Tschan

  4. Fakultät für Sport- und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Technische Universität München, München, Germany

    Henning Wackerhage

  5. Institut für Sportwissenschaft Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    Barbara Wessner

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Wessner, B., Katschinka, G. (2018). Einführung in die Genetik. In: Bachl, N., Löllgen, H., Tschan, H., Wackerhage, H., Wessner, B. (eds) Molekulare Sport- und Leistungsphysiologie. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1591-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1591-6_1

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