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Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung

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Zusammenfassung

Eine der häufigsten diagnostizierten psychischen Störungen nach dem Erleben eines traumatischen Ereignisses ist die posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Diese erfuhr seit ihrem Bestehen in den international anerkannten Klassifikationssystemen eine stetige Veränderung bzgl. ihrer diagnostischen Definition. Eine Annäherung beider Klassifikationssysteme scheint momentan jedoch verfehlt. Einheitlich bleibt der PTBS jedoch, dass für eine Diagnosestellung das Vorliegen eines traumatischen Ereignisses Voraussetzung ist. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer PTBS-Entwicklung abhängig von Art und Anzahl der Traumata ist. In der Literatur finden sich diesbezüglich unterschiedliche theoretische Modelle, welche die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der PTBS erklären. Vor allem kognitive und Gedächtnismodelle konnten empirisch überprüft werden. Diese Modelle bilden die Grundlage für bestehende wirksame Therapieansätze zur PTBS-Behandlung, die sich in kognitive und traumafokussierte Verfahren sowie deren Mischformen unterteilen lassen.

Dieser Beitrag wurde im Jahr 2015 verfasst.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinisch-Psychologische Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche, Nadine Stammel & Christine Knaevelsrud

  2. Zentrum ÜBERLEBEN, Berlin, Deutschland

    Maria Böttche & Nadine Stammel

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  1. Maria Böttche
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  1. Klinische Psychologie, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland

    Thomas Schnell

  2. Asklepios Fachklinikum, Göttingen, Niedersachsen, Deutschland

    Knut Schnell

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Böttche, M., Stammel, N., Knaevelsrud, C. (2021). Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung. In: Schnell, T., Schnell, K. (eds) Handbuch Klinische Psychologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45995-9_9-1

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