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Multiresistente gramnegative Erreger

SpringerReference Innere Medizin

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Bedeutsame gramnegative Erreger im klinischen Alltag, die durch Multiresistenz gegenüber Antibiotika auffallen, sind insbesondere Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii und Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Ein wesentlicher Resistenzmechanismus ist ESBL (Betalactamasen mit erweitertem Spektrum). Während multiresistente und insbesondere panresistente gramnegative Erreger in Deutschland selten sind, können bereits in Mittelmeerstaaten hohe Raten an multiresistenten Bakterien verzeichnet werden. Im stationären Bereich sind insbesondere der Aufenthalt auf einer Intensivstation, Liegedauer und Anzahl von Harn- oder Blutstromkathetern, invasive Beatmung, Nierenersatzverfahren sowie chirurgische Eingriffe bedeutsame Risikofaktoren für das Akquirieren eines multiresistenten Erregers. Die wesentliche Herausforderung für das mikrobiologische Labor stellt das Erkennen von Resistenzmechanismen dar. Da zahlreiche Erreger bereits mehrere Resistenzmechanismen zugleich aufweisen, kommt der molekularbiologischen Diagnostik wachsende Bedeutung zu.

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  1. Division Medizinische Mikrobiologie d. Universitätsinstituts für Med.-Chem. Labordiagnostik, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, 5020, Salzburg, Österreich

    Jan Marco Kern

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  1. Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Hoslstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

    Hendrik Lehnert

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Kern, J.M. (2015). Multiresistente gramnegative Erreger. In: Lehnert, H. (eds) SpringerReference Innere Medizin. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_548-1

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  1. Latest

    Multiresistente gramnegative Erreger
    Published:
    25 December 2021

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_548-2

  2. Original

    Multiresistente gramnegative Erreger
    Published:
    16 February 2015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_548-1

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