Abstract
The reduction behavior of raw materials from Assmang and Comilog based charges were experimentally investigated with CO gas up to 1600 °C. Quartz, HC FeMn slag or limestone were added to Assmang or Comilog according to the SiMn production charge, and mass loss results were obtained by using a TGA furnace. The results showed that particle size, type of manganese ore and mixture have close relationship to the reduction behavior of raw materials during MnO and SiO2 reduction. The influence of particle size to mass loss was apparent when Assmang or Comilog was mixed with only coke (FeMn) while it became insignificant when quartz and HC FeMn slag (SiMn) were added. This implied that quartz and HC FeMn slag had favored the incipient slag formation regardless of particle size. This explained the similar mass loss tendencies of SiMn charge samples between 1200–1500 °C, contrary to FeMn charge samples where different particle sizes showed significant difference in mass loss. Also, while FeMn charge samples showed progressive mass loss, SiMn charge samples showed diminutive mass loss until 1500 °C. However, rapid mass losses were observed with SiMn charge samples in this study above 1500 °C, and they have occurred at different temperatures. This implied rapid reduction of MnO and SiO2 and the type of ore and addition of HC FeMn slag have significant influence determining these temperatures. The temperatures observed for the rapid mass loss were approximately 1503 °C (Quartz and HC FeMn slag addition in Assmang), 1543 °C (Quartz addition in Assmang) and 1580–1587 °C (Quartz and limestone addition in Comilog), respectively. These temperatures also showed indications of possible SiMn production at process temperatures lower than 1550 °C.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
International Manganese Institute “http://www.manganese.org”2014.
S. E. Olsen, M. Tangstad and T. Lindstad. Production of Manganese Ferroalloys. Tapir Academic Press, Trondheim (Norway) 2007. 11–18.
V. Witusiewicz, F. Sommer and E. Mittemeijer. “Reevaluation of the Fe-Mn Phase Diagram”. Journal of Phase Equilibria & Diffusion, 25(4) 2004. 346–354.
H. Okamoto. Iron Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams (Alloy Phase Diagrams in ASM Handbook). ASM International: Materials Park, 1992.
Y. Tomota, M. Strum and J. Morris Jr.. “The Relationship Between Toughness and Microstructure in Fe-high Mn Binary Alloys”. Metall. Trans., A, 1987. 18(6).
D. K. Subramanyam, A. E. Swansiger and H. S. Avery. Austenitic Manganese Steels in Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys. ASM International, 1990. 822–840.
G. F. Deev, V. V. Popovich and V. N. Palash. “Role of Iron Sulfide in the Formation of Cracks in Weld Joints”. Materials Science, vol 18 No. 3, May-June 1982. 109–112.
J. R. Cain. “Influence of Sulphur, Oxygen, Copper and Manganese on the Red-Shortness of Iron”. Technological Papers of The Bureau of Standards No. 261 (Department of Commerce, USA), Jul. 30, 1924. 327–335.
S. I. Gubenko and A. M. Galkin. “Nature of the Red-Shortness of Steel”. Metal Science & Heat Treatment, vol. 26 Issue 10, Oct. 1984. 732–737.
R. Abushosha, S. Ayyad and B. Mintz. “Influence of Cooling Rate and MnS Inclusions on Hot Ductility of Steels”. Materials Science & Technology, Vol. 14, Mar. 1998. 227–235.
O. Grong, T. A. Siewert, G. P. Martins and D. L. Olson. “A Model for the Silicomanganese Deoxidation of Steel Weld Metals”. Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 17A, Oct. 1986. 1797–1807.
W. Ding and S. E. Olsen. “rn”. ISIJ International, Vol. 40(No. 9) 2000. 850–856.
E. Ringdalen and M. Tangstand. “Study of SiMn Production in Pilot Scale Experiments – Comparing Carajas and Assmang Ore” 13thInternational Ferroalloy Congress (INFACON), 2013, 195–206.
E. Ringdalen, S. Gaal, M. Tangstad and O. Ostrovski. “Ore Melting and Reduction in Silicomanganese Production”. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 41B, Dec. 2010. 1220–1229.
T. Brynjulfsen and M. Tangstad. “Melting and Reduction of Manganese Sinter with Fluxes”. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS), 2012. 147–154.
S.E. Olsen and M. Tangstad. “Silicomanganese Production – Process Understanding”. 10thInternational Ferroalloy Congress (INFACON), 2004. 231–238.
T. Brynjulfsen. “Reduction of Manganese Ore Agglomerates”. Ph.D thesis, Department of Materials Science and Engineering (DMSE), Norwegian University of Science & Tecnology (NTNU), 2013. 15–18.
J. Safarian and M. Tangstad. “Slag-Carbon Reactivity”. 12thInternational Ferroalloy Congress (INFACON), 2010. 327–338.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society)
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kim, P.P., Holtan, J., Tangstad, M. (2016). Reduction Behavior of Assmang and Comilog ore in the SiMn Process. In: Reddy, R.G., Chaubal, P., Pistorius, P.C., Pal, U. (eds) Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts 2016. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_139
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_139
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-48625-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-48769-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)