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Anti-inflammatory Effects of Different Dietary Antioxidants

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Plant Antioxidants and Health

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

Abstract

Chronic inflammation and oxidative damage have been proven as fundamental factors associated with many systemic diseases, leading to increased morbidity. To deal with this, formulation of new functional foods, dietary polyphenols, and supplements containing multiple natural antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory agents is required to reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory cascade. Several studies have shown a positive association between increased intake of dietary antioxidants and reduced risk for chronic inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress. This chapter concentrates on the underlying mechanisms of how different groups of dietary antioxidants, like vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids, carotenoids, and plant polyphenols, prevent the processes of inflammation and oxidative stress responses. Oxidative stress and inflammation mechanisms are discussed in the light of critical balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Also, roles of dietary antioxidants were discussed as an adjunctive treatment strategy to COVID-19 patients. Given the convincing evidence for protective as well as curative role of dietary antioxidants in inflammatory processes, more detailed understanding on the effects of nutrients on multiple aspects and development of novel anti-inflammatory agents is required to optimize approaches. To improve the bioavailability and targeted delivery of external antioxidants, nonreactive carriers or vehicles are needed to be designed with more precision and accuracy.

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Abbreviations

AP-1:

Activator protein 1

DAD:

diffuse alveolar damage

FBG:

Fasting blood glucose

GCSF:

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

hs-CRP:

high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

IL:

Interleukin

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MCP1:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

MIP1:

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa B

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PGE2:

Prostaglandin E2

RNS:

reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SARS-CoV-2:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

TGFβ:

Transforming growth factor beta

TLR:

Toll-like receptors

TNFR:

Tumor necrosis factor receptors

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor α

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Technology & Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Anirban Roy & Runu Chakraborty

  2. School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, India

    Sourav Das & Sukanta Roy

  3. Department of Surgical Oncology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre & Research Institute, Thakurpukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Indranil Chatterjee

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  1. Anirban Roy
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  2. Sourav Das
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  3. Indranil Chatterjee
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  4. Sukanta Roy
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  5. Runu Chakraborty
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Maria Ekiert

  2. Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  3. Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India

    Jaya Arora

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  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Ekiert

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Roy, A., Das, S., Chatterjee, I., Roy, S., Chakraborty, R. (2022). Anti-inflammatory Effects of Different Dietary Antioxidants. In: Ekiert, H.M., Ramawat, K.G., Arora, J. (eds) Plant Antioxidants and Health. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45299-5_20-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45299-5_20-1

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