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Functional Properties of Virus-Encoded and Virus-Regulated G Protein-Coupled Receptors

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G Protein-Coupled Receptor Genetics

Part of the book series: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology ((MIPT))

Abstract

During coevolution with their hosts, viruses have developed several survival strategies that involve exploitation of 7 transmembrane spanning (7TM) G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These include virus-encoded GPCRs and ligands and viral regulation of endogenous GPCRs. Many functional properties have been ascribed to virus-exploited GPCRs, and although the list of putative functions is steadily growing, the presence and/or function of virus-associated GPCRs is still poorly understood. This review focuses on three well-described functional properties of virus-associated GPCRs: (1) the immune evasion strategies, exemplified by γ1-herpesvirus-encoded BILF1 receptors, the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded US28 receptor, and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-regulated EBI2 (or GPR183); (2) the tissue tropism and virus-dissemination properties, exemplified by the murine CMV-encoded M33; and (3) the tumorigenic properties, exemplified by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-encoded ORF74, HCMV-US28, and EBV-BILF1. Given the general high “druggability” of GPCRs and the recent progress in understanding the immune evasive functions of the virus-exploited GPCRs in particular, we put special emphasis on the progress of novel antiviral therapeutic tools targeting these virus-associated GPCRs.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are supported by grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Lundbeck Foundation, and the Danish Council for Independent Research | Medical Sciences. The authors would like to thank Ann-Sofie Mølleskov Jensen, Anne Marie Førrisdahl Steen, Olav Larsen, and Kristine Niss Arfelt for their help and expert advice in every aspect of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Katja Spiess & Mette M. Rosenkilde

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  1. Katja Spiess
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  2. Mette M. Rosenkilde
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA

    Craig W. Stevens

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Spiess, K., Rosenkilde, M.M. (2014). Functional Properties of Virus-Encoded and Virus-Regulated G Protein-Coupled Receptors. In: Stevens, C. (eds) G Protein-Coupled Receptor Genetics. Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-779-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-779-2_3

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-778-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-779-2

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