Abstract
In lipid metabolism and during oxidative stress, a number of fatty aldehydes are generated. Detection and quantitation of these reactive aldehydes is optimally achieved by trapping them with a derivatization reagent. In this chapter, we present Girard’s Reagent T (GRT) that is a robust agent for derivatizing aldehydes and ketones and provides a derivative that is highly charged for accurate ESI quantitation. GRT is a quaternary amine with a reactive hydrazine group that derivatizes aldehydes and ketones to form hydrazones:
The aldehydes or ketones are augmented in mass by 113.09528 after derivatization with GRT and the [M+H]+ ions of these derivatives are monitored in ESI. In this chapter, we describe the use of GRT for quantitating fatty aldehydes (Johnson, Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21:2926–2932, 2007) ketosterols (Johnson, Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21:2926–2932, 2007; Johnson, Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19:193–200, 2005; Crick et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 446:756–761, 2014), and lipid oxidation products like formyl lysophosphatidylcholine (Fuchs et al., Lipids 42:991–998, 2007).
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References
Johnson DW (2007) A modified Girard derivatizing reagent for universal profiling and trace analysis of aldehydes and ketones by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21:2926–2932
Johnson DW (2005) Ketosteroid profiling using Girard T derivatives and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: direct plasma analysis of androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19:193–200
Crick PJ, Aponte J, Bentley TW, Matthews I, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ (2014) Evaluation of novel derivatisation reagents for the analysis of oxysterols. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 446:756–761
Fuchs B, Müller K, Göritz F, Blottner S, Schiller J (2007) Characteristic oxidation products of choline plasmalogens are detectable in cattle and roe deer spermatozoa by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Lipids 42:991–998
Griffiths WJ, Alvelius G, Liu S, Sjövall J (2004) High-energy collision-induced dissociation of oxosteroids derivatised to Girard hydrazones. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 10:63–88
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This work was funded by Lincoln Memorial University.
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Wood, P. (2017). Derivatization of Fatty Aldehydes and Ketones: Girard’s Reagent T (GRT). In: Wood, P. (eds) Lipidomics. Neuromethods, vol 125. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6946-3_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6946-3_16
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Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
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Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6946-3
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