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The Psychological Treatment of Cardiac Patients

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Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine

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Abstract

This chapter reviews the challenges of clinical research and implementation of psychological intervention among patients in cardiac rehabilitation settings. Psychological interventions can reduce the severity of psychological risk factors such as depression and anxiety. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated favorable effects of psychosocial interventions on psychological outcomes and quality of life. When it comes to mortality and recurring event reductions, large RCTs have shown contradictory results that need critical examination. Evidence suggests that psychological interventions are only successful in reducing cardiac events and mortality when they actually reduce the psychological risk factor. Interventions tend not to be effective in patients when treatment is initiated within only weeks after a cardiac event, and the benefit of reduced mortality is primarily observed in men and not in women. This chapter concludes with arguments for repeated assessments for psychological factors prior to and following cardiac rehabilitation and to continue active treatment until the psychological risk factor is effectively reduced or eradicated.

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Acknowledgment

This chapter was adapted, in part, from Ellis A.T., Linden W. (2011) The Psychological Treatment of Cardiac Patients. In: Hjemdahl P., Steptoe A., Rosengren A. (eds) Stress and Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-419-5_19

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Wolfgang Linden & Alena Talbot Ellis

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  1. Wolfgang Linden
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  2. Alena Talbot Ellis
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Linden .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Shari R. Waldstein

  2. Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands

    Willem J. Kop

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Edward C. Suarez

  4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA

    William R. Lovallo

  5. Division of Gerontology Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Leslie I. Katzel

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Linden, W., Ellis, A.T. (2022). The Psychological Treatment of Cardiac Patients. In: Waldstein, S.R., Kop, W.J., Suarez, E.C., Lovallo, W.R., Katzel, L.I. (eds) Handbook of Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85960-6_55

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