Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Bionanoceramic and Bionanocomposite-Based Nanoproducts: Concepts, Processing, and Applications

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Consumer Nanoproducts

Abstract

The application of nanomaterials in various scientific and research field has driven progress and development. It has scientifically proved unique opportunities for future advancement due to distinctive features, namely, chemical inertness and comfortable design. Mechanical alloying is a processing technique that is simple, convenient, and sophisticated, and it has persuaded researchers due to underlying features. The material is nanoscale filler and acquires various attributes, namely, high surface area, strong interaction, and low loadings. As per the recent studies, it is observed that nanocomposite is renewable and eco-friendly and casting is minimum and is applied widely. They also reply to issues like challenging energy, pollution, as well as the environment. The possible combination of engineered nanomaterial with flexible polymers provides a critical opportunity for instantly creating and adequately developing the novel valuable material filled with enhanced properties and is a crucial comparison to the material used in the starting phase. In the current book chapter, the highlight is substantially done on applying the material, new conclusion, and future perspective.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 699.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 799.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Arfin T, Fatma S (2014) Synthesis, influence of electrolyte solutions on impedance properties and in-vitro antibacterial studies of organic-inorganic composite membrane. Adv Ind Eng Manag 3(2):19–30. https://doi.org/10.7508/AIEM-V3-N3-19-30

  2. Arfin T (2017) Chitosan and its derivatives: overlook of commercial application in diverse field. In: Ahmed S, Ikram S (eds) Chitosan: derivatives, composites and applications. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Beverly, pp 115–150

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Arfin T (2018a) Current innovative chitosan-based water treatment of heavy metals: a sustainable approach. In: Ahmed S, Kanchi S, Kumar G (eds) Handbook of biopolymers: advances and multifaceted applications. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore, pp 167–182

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Arfin T (2018b) MWCNT polymer composites: environmental applications. In: Ahmed S, Kanch S (eds) Handbook of bionanocomposite: green and sustainable materials. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore, pp 235–245

    Google Scholar 

  5. Arfin T (2019a) Bionanoceramic and bionanocomposite: concepts, processing, and applications. In: Hussain CM, Thomas S (eds) Handbook of polymer and ceramic nanotechnology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 1–19

    Google Scholar 

  6. Arfin T (2019b) Marine polysaccharides: an overview. In: Ahmed S, Soundararajan A (eds) Marine polysaccharides: advances and multifaceted applications. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore, pp 1–11

    Google Scholar 

  7. Arfin T (2020a) Functional graphene-based nanodevices: emerging diagnostic tool. In: Kanchi S, Sharma D (eds) Nanomaterials in diagnostic tools and devices. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 85–112

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Arfin T (2020b) Cellulose and hydrogel matrices for environmental applications. In: Mohammad F, Al-Lohedan HA, Jawaid M (eds) Sustainable nanocellulose and nanohydrogels from natural sources. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 255–274

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Arfin T (2020c) Reactive and functional polymers. In: Ul-Islam S, Butola BS (eds) Advanced functional textiles and polymers: fabrication, processing and applications. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Hoboken, pp 291–308

    Google Scholar 

  10. Arfin T, Athar S (2018) Graphene for advanced organic photovoltaics. In: Kanchi S, Ahmed S, Sabela MI, Hussain CM (eds) Nanomaterials: biomedical, environmental, and engineering applications. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Beverly, pp 93–104

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Arfin T, Fatima S (2014) Conductometric studies with polystyrene calcium phosphate membrane. Asian J Adv Basic Sci 2(1):1–14

    Google Scholar 

  12. Arfin T, Kumar C (2014) Synthesis, characterization, conductivity and antibacterial activity of ethyl cellulose manganese (II) hydrogen phosphate. Anal Bioanal Chem 6(4):403–421

    Google Scholar 

  13. Arfin T, Mogarkar PR (2018) Bio-based material protein and its novel applications. In: Ahmed S, Ikram S, Kanchi S, Bisetty K (eds) Biocomposites: biomedical and environmental applications. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore, pp 405–432

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2013a) DC electrical conductivity of nano-composite polystyrene-titanium-arsenate membrane. J Ind Eng Chem 19(6):2046–2051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2013.03.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2013b) Synthesis, characterization and influence of electrolyte solutions towards the electrical properties of nylon-6,6 nickel carbonate membrane: test for the theory of uni-ionic potential based on thermodynamics of irreversible processes. In: Lefebure J (ed) Halides: chemistry, physical properties and structural effects. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 39–66

    Google Scholar 

  16. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2014) Electrochemical, dielectric behaviour and in vitro antimicrobial activity of polystyrene-calcium phosphate. Adv Ind Eng Manag 3(3):25–38. https://doi.org/10.7508/AIEM-V3-N3-25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2015a) Dendrimer and its role for the advancement of nanotechnology and bioengineering. In: Wythers MC (ed) Advances in materials science research, vol 21. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp157-174.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2015b) Electrical conductivity, mechanical stability, antibacterial and anticancer activities of ethyl cellulose-tin (II) hydrogen phosphate. Adv Mater Lett 6(12):1058–1065. https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2015.5896

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2016a) Electrochemical, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of ethyl cellulose-nickel (II) hydrogen phosphate. Innov Corros Mater Sci 6(1):10–18. https://doi.org/10.2174/2352094906999160307182012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Arfin T, Mohammad F (2016b) Chemistry and structural aspects of chitosan towards biomedical applications. In: Ikram S, Ahmed S (eds) Natural polymers: derivatives, blends and composites, vol 1. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 265–280

    Google Scholar 

  21. Arfin T, Rafiuddin (2009a) Transport studies of nickel arsenate membrane. J Electroanal Chem 636(1-2):113–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.09.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Arfin T, Rafiuddin (2009b) Electrochemical properties of titanium arsenate membrane. Electrochim Acta 54(27):6928–6934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.074

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Arfin T, Rafiuddin (2010) Thermodynamics of ion conductivity of alkali halide across a polystyrene-based titanium arsenate membrane. Electrochim Acta 55(28):8628–8631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.07.091

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Arfin T, Rafiuddin (2011) An electrochemical and theoretical comparison of ionic transport through a polystyrene-based cobalt arsenate membrane. Electrochim Acta 56(22):7476–7483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Arfin T, Rafiuddin (2012) Metal ion transport through a polystyrene-based cobalt arsenate membrane: application of irreversible thermodynamics and theory of absolute reaction rates. Desalination 284:100–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.08.042

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Arfin T, Rangari SN (2018) Graphene oxide-ZnO nanocomposite modified electrode for the detection of phenol. Anal Methods 10(3):347–358. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AY02650A

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Arfin T, Sonawane K (2018a) Bio-based materials: past to future. In: Bio-based materials for food packaging. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 1–32

    Google Scholar 

  28. Arfin T, Sonawane K (2018b) An excellence method on starch-based materials: a promising stage for environmental application. In: Hussain (ed) Green and sustainable advance materials: application, vol 2. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Beverly, pp 177–208

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Arfin T, Sonawane K (2019a) Alginate: recent progress and technological prospects. In: Ahmed S (ed) Alginates: applications in the biomedical and food industries. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Hoboken, pp 45–58

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Arfin T, Sonawane K (2019b) Biotechnology: past-to-future. In: Shahid-ul-Islam (ed) Integrated green chemistry and sustainable engineering. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Salem, pp 617–645

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  31. Arfin T, Tarannum A (2017) Polymer materials: from the past to the future. In: Ahmed S, Ikram A, Ikram S (eds) Green polymeric materials: advances and sustainable development. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 35–42

    Google Scholar 

  32. Arfin T, Tarannum A (2018) Engineered nanomaterials for industrial application: an overview. In: Hussain CM (ed) Handbook of nanomaterials for industrial applications. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 127–134

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Arfin T, Tarannum A (2019) Rapid determination of lead ions using polyaniline-zirconium (IV) iodate-based ion selective electrode. J Environ Chem Eng 7(1):102811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.102811

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Arfin T, Yadav N (2012) Impedance characteristics and electrical double layer capacitance of polystyrene-based nickel arsenate membrane. Anal Bioanal Electrochem 4(2):135–152

    Google Scholar 

  35. Arfin T, Yadav N (2013) Impedance characteristics and electrical double-layer capacitance of composite polystyrene-cobalt-arsenate membrane. J Ind Eng Chem 19(1):256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.08.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Arfin T, Jabeen F, Kriek RJ (2011) An electrochemical and theoretical comparison of ionic transport through a polystyrene based titanium-vanadium (1:2) phosphate membrane. Desalination 274(1-3):206–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.02.014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Arfin T, Falch A, Kriek RJ (2012) Evaluation of charge density and the theory for calculating membrane potential for a nano-composite nylon-6,6 nickel phosphate membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 14(48):16760–16769. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CP42683H

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Arfin T, Bushra R, Kriek RJ (2013) Ionic conductivity of alkali halides across a polyaniline-zirconium (IV)-arsenate membrane. Anal Bioanal Electrochem 5(2):206–221

    Google Scholar 

  39. Arfin T, Mohammad F, Yusof NA (2015) Applications of polystyrene and its role as a base in industrial chemistry. In: Lynwood C (ed) Polystyrene: synthesis, characteristics and applications. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 269–280

    Google Scholar 

  40. Arfin T, Bushra R, Mohammad F (2016) Electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of o-nitrophenol using graphene oxide-poly(ethyleneimine) dendrimer-modified glassy carbon electrode. Graphene Technol 1(1):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41127-016-0002-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Arfin T, Athar S, Rangari S (2018a) Proteins and their novel applications. In: Ahmed S, Kanchi S, Kumar G (eds) Handbook of biopolymers: advances and multifaceted applications. Pan Stanford Publishing, Singapore, pp 75–93

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  42. Arfin T, Tarannum A, Sonawane K (2018b) Green and sustainable advanced materials: an overview. In: Ahmed S, Hussain CM (eds) Green and sustainable advanced materials: processing and characterization, vol 1. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Beverly, pp 1–34

    Google Scholar 

  43. Arfin T, Sonawane K, Tarannum A (2019a) Review on detection of phenol in water. Adv Mater Lett 10(11):753–785. https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2019.0036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Arfin T, Singh B, Varshney N (2019b) Biological adhesion behavior of superhydrophobic polymer coating. In: Samal SK, Mohanty S, Nayak SK (eds) Superhydrophobic polymer coatings: fundamentals, design, fabrication, and applications. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 161–177

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  45. Arfin T, Sonawane K, Saidankar P, Sharma S (2019c) Role of microbes in the bioremediation of toxic dyes. In: Shahid-ul-Islam (ed) Integrated green chemistry and sustainable engineering. Scrivener Publishing LLC, Salem, pp 443–472

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  46. Arfin T, Varshney N, Singh B (2020) Ionic liquid modified activated carbon for the treatment of textile wastewater. In: Naushad M, Lichtfouse E (eds) Green materials for wastewater treatment. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 257–275

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  47. Athar S, Arfin T (2017) Commercial and prospective applications of gelatin. In: Ahmed S, Ikram S (eds) Natural polymers: derivatives, blends and composite, vol 2. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 199–216

    Google Scholar 

  48. Athar S, Bushra R, Arfin T (2017) Cellulose nanocrystals and PEO/PET hydrogel material in biotechnology and biomedicine: current status and future prospects. In: Jawaid M, Mohammad F (eds) Nanocellulose and nanohydrogel matrices: biotechnological and biomedical applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 139–173

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  49. Borkar R, Waghmare SS, Arfin T (2017) Bacterial cellulose and polyester hydrogel matrices in biotechnology and biomedicine: current status and future prospects. In: Jawaid M, Mohammad F (eds) Nanocellulose and nanohydrogel matrices: biotechnological and biomedical applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 21–46

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  50. Bushra R, Arfin T, Oves M, Raza W, Mohammad F, Khan MA, Ahmad A, Azam A, Muneer M (2016) Development of PANI/MWCNTs decorated with cobalt oxide nanoparticles towards multiple electrochemical, photocatalytic and biomedical application sites. New J Chem 40(11):9448–9459. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NJ02054B

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Khan AU, Malik N, Arfin T (2017) Nanofibrillated cellulose and copoly (amino acid) hydrogel matrices in biotechnology and biomedicine. In: Jawaid M, Mohammad F (eds) Nanocellulose and nanohydrogel matrices: biotechnological and biomedical applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 331–352

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  52. Malik N, Khan AU, Naqvi S, Arfin T (2016a) Ultrasonic studies of different saccharides in α-amino acids at various temperatures and concentrations. J Mol Liq 221:12–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2016.05.061

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Malik N, Khan AU, Naqvi S, Arfin T (2016b) Ultrasonic investigation of in α-amino acids with aqueous solution of urea at different temperatures: a physicochemical study. J Appl Solution Chem Model 5(4):168–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Malik N, Arfin T, Khan AU (2019) Graphene nanomaterials: chemistry and pharmaceutical perspectives. In: Grumezescu AM (ed) Nanomaterials for drug delivery and therapy. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 373–402

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  55. Mallakpour S, Azadi E, Hussain CM (2020a) Environmentally benign production of cupric oxide nanoparticles and various utilizations of their polymeric hybrids in different technologies. Coord Chem Rev 419:213378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Mallakpour S, Hatami M, Hussain CM (2020b) Recent innovations in functionalized layered double hydroxides: fabrication, characterization, and industrial applications. Adv Colloid Interface 283:102216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Mogarkar PR, Arfin T (2017) Chemical and structural importance of starch based derivative and its applications. In: Ikram S, Ahmed A (eds) Natural polymers: derivatives, blends and composite, vol 2. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 73–87

    Google Scholar 

  58. Mohammad F, Arfin T (2013) Cytotoxic effects of polystyrene-titanium-arsenate composite in cultured H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Bull Environ contam Toxicol 91(6):689–696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-013-1131-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Yusof NA (2015) Chemical processes and reaction by-products involved in the biorefinery concept of biofuel production. In: Hakeem KR, Jawaid M, Alothman OY (eds) Agricultural biomass based potential materials. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 471–489

    Google Scholar 

  60. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2017a) Sustained drug release and electrochemical performance of ethyl cellulose-magnesium hydrogen phosphate composite. Mater Sci Eng C 71:735–743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.10.062

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2017b) Enhanced biological activity and biosorption performance of trimethyl chitosan-loaded cerium oxide particles. J Ind Eng Chem 45:33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.08.029

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2018a) Synthesis, characterization and applications of ethyl cellulose-based polymeric calcium (II) hydrogen phosphate composite. J Electron Mater 47(5):2954–2963. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6118-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Saba N, Jawaid M, Al-Lohedan HA (2018b) Electrical conductivity and biological efficacy of ethyl cellulose and polyaniline-based composites. In: Khan A, Jawaid M, Khan AAP, Asiri AM (eds) Electrically conductive polymers and polymer composites: from synthesis to biomedical applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 181–197

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  64. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2019a) Development of graphene-based nanocomposites as potential materials for supercapacitors and electrochemicals cells. In: Jawaid M, Ahmad A, Lokhat D (eds) Graphene-based nanotechnologies for energy and environmental applications: micro and nano technologies. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 145–154

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  65. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Bwatanglang IB, Al-Lohedan HA (2019b) Starch-based nanocomposites: types and industrial applications. In: Sanyang ML, Jawaid M (eds) Bio-based polymers and nanocomposites: preparation, processing, properties & performance. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 157–181

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  66. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2019c) Biocompatible polylactic acid-reinforced nickel-arsenate composite: studies of electrochemical conductivity, mechanical stability, and cell viability. Mater Sci Eng C 102:142–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.046

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Mohammad F, Arfin T, Al-Lohedan HA (2019d) Enhanced biosorption and electrochemical performance of sugarcane bagasse derived a polylactic acid-graphene oxide-CeO2 composit. Mater Chem Phys 229:117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.02.085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Onwudiwe DC, Arfin T, Strydom CA (2014) Synthesis, characterization, and dielectric properties of N-butyl aniline capped CdS nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 116:217–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.046

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Sarath Chandra V, Baskar G, Suganthi RV, Elayaraja K, Ahymah Joshy MI, Sofi Beaula W, Mythili R, Venkatraman G, Naratana Kalkura S (2012) Blood compatibility of iron-doped nanosize hydroxyapatite and its drug release. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4(3):1200–1210. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300140q

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Sophia AC, Arfin T, Lima EC (2019) Recent developments in adsorption of dyes using graphene based nanomaterials. In: Naushad M (ed) A new generation materials graphene: applications in water technology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 439–471

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  71. Waghmare SS, Arfin T (2015a) Defluoridation by adsorption with chitin-chitosan-alginate-polymers-cellulose-resins-algae and fungi-a review. Int Res J Eng Tech 2(6):1179–1197

    Google Scholar 

  72. Waghmare SS, Arfin T (2015b) Fluoride removal by clays, geomaterials, minerals, low cost materials and zeolites by adsorption: a review. Int J Eng Res 4(11):3663–3676

    Google Scholar 

  73. Waghmare SS, Arfin T, Lataye D, Rayalu S, Manwar N, Labhsetware N (2015a) Adsorption behaviour of eggshell modified polyalthia longifolia leaf based alumina as a novel adsorbents for fluoride removal from drinking water. Int J Adv Res Innov Ideas Educ1 (5):904–926

    Google Scholar 

  74. Waghmare S, Arfin T, Manware N, Lataye D, Labhsetwar N, Rayalu S (2015b) Preparation and characterization of polyalthia longifolia based adsorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water. Asian J Adv Basic Sci 4(1):12–24

    Google Scholar 

  75. Wu KCW, Yamauchi Y, Hong CY, Yang YH, Liang YH, Funatu T, Tsunoda M (2011) Biocompatible, surface functionalized mesoporous titania nanoparticles for intracellular imaging and anticancer drug delivery. Chem Commun 47(18):5232–5234. https://doi.org/10.1039/C1CC10659G

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Authors acknowledge the Knowledge Resource Centre, CSIR-NEERI (CSIR-NEERI/KRC/2020/SEP/EMD/2), for their support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Materials Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, India

    Tanvir Arfin

  2. Hyderabad Zonal Centre, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Tanvir Arfin

Authors
  1. Tanvir Arfin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Arfin, T. (2022). Bionanoceramic and Bionanocomposite-Based Nanoproducts: Concepts, Processing, and Applications. In: Handbook of Consumer Nanoproducts. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8698-6_27

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation