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Occupant Emissions and Chemistry

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Handbook of Indoor Air Quality

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Abstract

Humans are a major source of indoor chemicals. Breath and sk Occupant-Related Chemical Transformations in emissions meaningfully contribute to the chemical composition of indoor air. Volatile organic compounds emitted by humans originate from endogenous sources (metabolic processes), and from exogenous sources (environmental exposure, diet, and personal care products). They can result from microbial activity and can lead to odor nuisance and decreased perceived air quality. The emitted compounds can undergo chemical transformations, such as ozone-initiated reactions, which produce a range of new compounds. The reactions of ozone with squalene and other constituents of skin oils have been shown to significantly alter the composition of indoor air and alter its OH reactivity. Dermal emissions may impact perceived air quality more than emissions via breath. The understanding of the effects of various environmental and personal factors (e.g., temperature, humidity, personal hygiene, diet, clothing, personal care products, age, sex, emotional state) on human emissions, their chemical transformations, and their consequences for indoor air quality, comfort, and health is limited. This chapter presents an overview of occupant emissions and the indoor air chemistry associated with them. Personal and environmental factors that may influence human emissions are discussed. Emerging research on the potential impacts of occupant emissions on perceived indoor air quality and human health is presented, and key research questions to advance our understanding of occupant-related indoor air chemistry are highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

Part of the work on this chapter was done within the activities of the INDoor AIR POLLution NETwork (INDAIRPOLLNET) supported by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). We thank Nicola Carslaw for her comments to an earlier version of the text.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

    Gabriel Bekö & Pawel Wargocki

  2. Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

    Emer Duffy

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  1. Gabriel Bekö
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  2. Pawel Wargocki
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  3. Emer Duffy
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Correspondence to Gabriel Bekö .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

    Yinping Zhang

  2. Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA

    Philip K. Hopke

  3. Scientific and Technical Center for Building (CSTB), Marne-La-Vallée, France

    Corinne Mandin

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Bekö, G., Wargocki, P., Duffy, E. (2022). Occupant Emissions and Chemistry. In: Zhang, Y., Hopke, P.K., Mandin, C. (eds) Handbook of Indoor Air Quality. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7680-2_33

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